Question

Draw the products of each reaction.

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

f.

g.

h.

Short answer

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

f.

g.

h.

Step-by-step solution

Reaction of carbonyl compounds with amines

An imine is generated by the reaction of 1⁰ amine with a carbonyl compound. The reaction of 2⁰ amine with carbonyl compound leads to the creation of an enamine.

Reaction of carbonyl compounds with diols

Acetal is formed on the reaction of a carbonyl compound with a diol in the presence of an acid.

Hydrolysis of amines

Aldehydes or ketones are generated on the hydrolysis of imines or enamines. Other products like primary imine or secondary enamine are also formed in the reaction.

Predicting the products of each reaction

a. An aldehyde or a ketone reacts with a primary amine leading to the formation of imine. The reaction can be given as:

Reaction of compound a

b. A carbonyl compound results in the formation of an acetal when it reacts with two equivalents of alcohol or a diol. The reaction can be given as:

Reaction of compound b

c.The hydrolysis of enamines and imines gives rise to aldehydes or ketones. The reaction can be given as:

Reaction of compound c

d. A carbonyl compound like aldehyde or ketone can combine with a primary amine leading to the formation of imines. The reaction can be given as:

Reaction of compound d

e. The nucleophilic addition product of carbonyl compound with cyanide ion leads to the formation of cyanohydrins. The reaction can be given as:

Reaction of compound e

f. Cyclic hemiacetals give rise to acetals when they are treated with ethanol and an acid. The reaction can be given as:

Reaction of compound f

g. The hydrolysis of enamines and imines lead to the formation of aldehydes and ketones along with primary imine or secondary amine (enamine). The reaction can be given as:

Reaction of compound g

h. The carbon nucleophile from the Wittig reagent is utilized to yield alkenes in the Wittig reaction. The reaction can be given as:

Reaction of compound h