Warning: foreach() argument must be of type array|object, bool given in /var/www/html/web/app/themes/studypress-core-theme/template-parts/header/mobile-offcanvas.php on line 20

Which of the following compounds are formed when \(\mathrm{BCl}_{3}\) is treated with water? (a) \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{BO}_{3}\) (b) \(\mathrm{B}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6}\) (c) \(\mathrm{B}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}\) (d) \(\mathrm{HBO}_{2}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
\mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{BO}_{3} is the compound formed when \mathrm{BCl}_{3} is treated with water.

Step by step solution

01

Write the reaction of BCl3 with water

To determine which compounds are formed when \(\mathrm{BCl}_{3}\) reacts with water, write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction. \(\mathrm{BCl}_{3}\) reacts with \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}\) to form \(\mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{BO}_{3}\) and hydrochloric acid (\(\mathrm{HCl}\)). The reaction is: \(\mathrm{BCl}_{3} + 3\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{BO}_{3} + 3\mathrm{HCl}\).
02

Confirm the product stability

Assess if the products are stable under the reaction conditions. \(\mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{BO}_{3}\) is formed as hydrolysis of \(\mathrm{BCl}_{3}\) with water produces \(\mathrm{B}(\mathrm{OH})_{3}\), which is the same as \(\mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{BO}_{3}\). This confirms the stability of \(\mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{BO}_{3}\) as a product.
03

Rule out the formation of other products

Analyze the plausibility of forming the other compounds listed. \(\mathrm{B}_{2}\mathrm{H}_{6}\), diborane, is not a hydrolysis product of \(\mathrm{BCl}_{3}\); it is typically synthesized by other means. \(\mathrm{B}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{3}\), or boron oxide, forms when boron compounds are heated, not through hydrolysis. \(\mathrm{HBO}_{2}\), or metaboric acid, can be formed from \(\mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{BO}_{3}\) by a dehydration process, not directly from the hydrolysis of \(\mathrm{BCl}_{3}\). Therefore, options (b), (c), and (d) can be ruled out.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Chemical Equation Balancing
Understanding the balance in chemical equations is crucial because it respects the law of conservation of mass. This law implies that atoms are not created or destroyed in a chemical reaction, so the number of atoms present in the reactants must equal the number of atoms in the products. In the hydrolysis of BCl3, we start with one BCl3 molecule and three water molecules, H2O. Each water molecule provides two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, resulting in three pairs of hydrogen atoms and three oxygen atoms. These combine with the one boron atom from BCl3 to form one molecule of boric acid, H3BO3, and three molecules of hydrochloric acid, HCl. Balancing the chemical equation, \(\mathrm{BCl}_{3} + 3\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{BO}_{3} + 3\mathrm{HCl}\)provides a clear representation of how atoms are conserved and supports the chemical reality of the reaction.
Hydrolysis Reactions
Hydrolysis reactions involve the chemical breakdown of compounds due to the reaction with water. In the hydrolysis of BCl3, water acts as a nucleophile, attacking the boron center, which is electron-deficient due to its vacant p-orbital. As BCl3 reacts with water, it undergoes hydrolysis to form boric acid (H3BO3) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). This specific reaction is characterized by a double displacement mechanism where the Cl- ions are displaced by OH- groups from the water. It provides an insightful example of how water's polar nature and the structure of the reactant determine the outcome of hydrolysis reactions.
Product Stability in Chemical Reactions
The stability of products in a chemical reaction is influenced by various factors such as the energy states of the molecules and the reaction conditions. In the reaction \(\mathrm{BCl}_{3} + 3\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{BO}_{3} + 3\mathrm{HCl}\)boric acid, H3BO3, is a stable product under normal conditions. It's worth noting that the products of a reaction must be energetically favored in order for them to exist as stable entities. This is why the hydrolysis of BCl3 does not produce B2H6, B2O3, or HBO2 directly. These compounds either require different reactions or additional steps as they have different stabilities and formation mechanisms.
Boron Compounds
Boron compounds, such as BCl3, are known for their unique electron-deficient nature, making them susceptible to nucleophilic attack, like the one exhibited by water in hydrolysis reactions. Boron tends to form covalent compounds due to its small size and high ionization energy. The formation of boric acid (H3BO3) during the hydrolysis of BCl3 exemplifies the tendency of boron compounds to react with electron-rich species. The versatility of boron compounds is also reflected in their various uses, such as in glass manufacturing, as flame retardants, and in medical applications. The role of boron in such hydrolysis reactions showcases its reactivity and the broad chemistry behind its compounds.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Match the uses of the metal aluminium given in column I with its properties given in column II and mark the appropriate choice. $$ \begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|} \hline {\text { Colmm I }} && {\text { Column II }} \\ \hline \text { (A) } & \begin{array}{l} \text { Transmission } \\ \text { cables } \end{array} & \text { (i) } & \text { High malleability } \\ \hline \text { (B) } & \text { Aircraft body } & \text { (ii) } & \begin{array}{l} \text { High electrical } \\ \text { conductivity } \end{array} \\ \hline \text { (C) } & \begin{array}{l} \text { Packing } \\ \text { industry } \end{array} & \text { (iii) } & \begin{array}{l} \text { High thermal } \\ \text { conductivity } \end{array} \\ \hline \text { (D) } & \text { Uitensils } & \text { (iv) } & \text { Light and tough alloys } \\ \hline \end{array} $$ (a) \((\mathbf{A}) \rightarrow(\mathrm{ii}),(\mathrm{B}) \rightarrow(\mathrm{i}),(\mathrm{C}) \rightarrow(\mathrm{iii}),(\mathrm{D}) \rightarrow(\mathrm{iv})\) (b) \((A) \rightarrow(\mathrm{iv}),(B) \rightarrow(\mathrm{iii}),(\mathrm{C}) \rightarrow(\mathrm{ii}),(\mathrm{D}) \rightarrow(\mathrm{i})\) (c) \((\mathrm{A}) \rightarrow(\mathrm{ii}),(\mathrm{B}) \rightarrow(\mathrm{iv}),(\mathrm{C}) \rightarrow(\mathrm{i}),(\mathrm{D}) \rightarrow(\mathrm{iii})\) (d) \((\mathrm{A}) \rightarrow(\mathrm{iii}),(\mathrm{B}) \rightarrow(\mathrm{iv}),(\mathrm{C}) \rightarrow(\mathrm{i}),(\mathrm{D}) \rightarrow(\mathrm{ii})\)

Which of the following is the correct statement about silicones? (a) They are made up of \(\mathrm{SiO}_{4}{ }^{4-}\) units. (b) They are polymers made up of \(R_{2} \mathrm{SiO}\) units. (c) They are water soluble compounds. (d) They are hydrophillic in nature.

Group 13 elements show (a) only \(+1\) oxidation state (b) only \(+3\) oxidation state (c) \(+1\) and \(+3\) oxidation states (d) \(+1,+2\) and \(+3\) oxidation states.

Which property of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) makes it of biological and geo-chemical importance? (a) Its acidic nature. (b) Its colourless and odourless nature. (c) Its low solubility in water. (d) Its high compressibility.

An element of group 14 forms two oxides one of which is highly poisonous and neutral. Other oxide can be easily liquefied and compressed to give a solid which is used as a refrigerant under the name of drikold. The element and the oxides are (a) \(\mathrm{Si}, \mathrm{SiO}, \mathrm{SiO}_{2}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Pb}, \mathrm{PbO}, \mathrm{PbO}_{2}\) (c) \(\mathrm{C}, \mathrm{CO}, \mathrm{CO}_{2}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Sn}, \mathrm{SnO}, \mathrm{SnO}_{2}\)

See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free