Question

A certain metal \(\mathrm{M}\) is used to prepare an antacid, which is used as a medicine for acidity. This metal accidently catches fire, which can no be extinguished by using \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) based extinguishers. The metal \(\mathrm{M}\) is: (a) \(\mathrm{Mg}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Ba}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Be}\) (d) \(\overline{\mathrm{C}}\)

Short answer

The metal is Magnesium (Mg).

Step-by-step solution

Identify the problem statement

We need to identify a metal that is used in antacids and cannot be extinguished by using \( \mathrm{CO}_{2} \) based extinguishers.

Understand metal properties and uses

Antacids are commonly made using metals such as magnesium (Mg) because of their ability to neutralize stomach acid and their safety levels as a compound. Magnesium is known to be used in the form of magnesium hydroxide for this purpose.

Examine fire extinguishing properties

Magnesium fires are unique in that they cannot be extinguished with normal \( CO_{2} \) extinguishers, because magnesium can actually react with \( CO_{2} \). This reaction doesn't put out the fire but rather supplies more combustible material, exacerbating the fire.

Compare options

With the information that magnesium cannot be extinguished with \( CO_{2} \) extinguishers and is used in antacids, compare this with the other options. Barium (Ba) and Beryllium (Be) are less common in antacids, and their fire hazards do not align perfectly with the question's scenario. Option d ( C) does not fit the criteria either.

Conclude the identified metal

Based on the information and criteria provided, the metal \( M \) used in antacids that cannot be extinguished using \( CO_{2} \) extinguishers is Magnesium (Mg).

Key concepts

Magnesium Uses

Magnesium is a versatile metal with several important applications. It is particularly significant in the medical field, especially in the form of magnesium hydroxide, which is used for its antacid properties. This compound effectively neutralizes stomach acid, providing relief from indigestion and heartburn. Furthermore, its gentle nature makes it suitable for people with sensitive stomachs.
Beyond medical applications, magnesium is also employed in industries like aerospace and automotive due to its lightweight and strong properties. Its use in alloys contributes to making strong yet lightweight structures.

• Medical uses include antacids and dietary supplements.
• Industrial uses span aerospace and automotive manufacturing.
• Magnesium is essential in products that benefit from lightweight and durability.

With so many uses, magnesium stands out as a crucial element in multiple sectors.

Fire Safety in Chemistry

In chemistry, understanding fire safety is crucial, especially when working with reactive metals like magnesium. This metal, while useful, can pose significant fire risks. Magnesium fires are particularly difficult to control with conventional methods like water or carbon dioxide extinguishers. The reason lies in magnesium's reactivity; it reacts with both water and CO₂, sometimes producing explosive reactions.
Therefore, special techniques and materials are required to handle magnesium fires safely:

• Sand or special dry powder extinguishers are recommended for magnesium fires.
• These methods smother the fire without reacting chemically with the magnesium.
• Understanding the behavior of reactive metals can prevent accidents in lab and industrial environments.

Maintaining strict protocols and understanding chemical behaviors are essential steps in ensuring fire safety in chemistry.

Antacids Composition

Antacids play a vital role in neutralizing excess stomach acid, offering relief from acid reflux and indigestion. A common ingredient in many antacids is magnesium, often in the form of magnesium hydroxide. This compound works by directly reacting with the hydrochloric acid in the stomach, forming water and magnesium chloride, thus reducing acidity.
Antacids containing magnesium are generally preferred because they are:

• Effective at quickly neutralizing stomach acid.
• Gentle on the gastrointestinal tract.
• Present in liquid or tablet forms for versatility in administration.

It's also important to note that different antacids contain different active ingredients, and magnesium is one key component due to its effectiveness. Understanding the composition of these medications can help individuals make informed choices based on their specific needs.