Question

The presence of fluoride ion in polluted water can be detected by using: (a) \(\mathrm{KI}+\) starch (b) Zirconium alizarin-S dye (c) \(\mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{Cr}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7}+50 \% \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) (d) Sodium nitroprusside

Short answer

Zirconium alizarin-S dye detects fluoride ions.

Step-by-step solution

Understand the question

We need to identify which reagent can detect the presence of fluoride ions in polluted water from the given options.

Analyze each option

Examine each option to see if it is known to detect fluoride ions: (a) KI + starch - This combination is typically used to detect iodine (I2), not fluoride. (b) Zirconium alizarin-S dye - This dye is known for its sensitivity to fluoride ions, often used in colorimetric detection of fluoride. (c) K2Cr2O7 + 50% H2SO4 - This is used for oxidation purposes and is not specific for fluoride detection. (d) Sodium nitroprusside - This compound is not used for detecting fluoride ions.

Conclusion

Among the given options, Zirconium alizarin-S dye is the only reagent specifically used for detecting fluoride ions.

Key concepts

Zirconium Alizarin-S Dye

Zirconium Alizarin-S Dye is a powerful tool for detecting fluoride ions in water, especially polluted sources. This dye creates a colored complex when it interacts with fluoride ions, which makes it highly effective for visual analysis. This type of dye's high sensitivity is critical for distinguishing between water samples that are safe, and those that may contain harmful levels of fluoride.

With a clear color change when fluoride ions are present, this method simplifies the testing process. The specificity of Zirconium Alizarin-S Dye allows it to reliably indicate fluoride, making it a preferred choice for many water testing scenarios. Its use avoids the use of more complex and costly laboratory procedures, enabling efficient monitoring of water quality.

Colorimetric Detection of Fluoride

Colorimetric Detection of Fluoride is a convenient and cost-effective method to determine the presence of fluoride ions in water. The process involves causing a chemical reaction between a dye and fluoride ions, resulting in a color change that indicates the concentration of fluoride.

This method relies on the concept of absorbance, which allows for quantitative analysis. The intensity of the color change is directly correlated with the fluoride ion concentration, which is measured with instruments like spectrophotometers. This straightforward approach is especially useful in field applications, where laboratory facilities may not be readily available, providing a practical solution for ongoing water quality assessments.

Such a method is not only beneficial for being quick and simple but also aids people in understanding and acting on water safety data. It offers a direct visual confirmation that can be easily interpreted, making it accessible for non-specialists as well.

Polluted Water Analysis

Polluted Water Analysis is essential in identifying contaminants like fluoride that can affect both environmental and human health. By understanding the types of pollutants present in water, we can take necessary actions to remediate and manage water resources effectively. Water pollution can stem from various sources, including agricultural runoff, industrial discharges, and leaching from landfills.

Analyzing polluted water involves identifying specific contaminants using various chemical tests, such as the use of Zirconium Alizarin-S Dye for fluoride detection. This particular analysis allows for targeted interventions to reduce contamination and mitigate potential health risks. Comprehensive analysis also helps in compliance with water quality standards, ensuring safe drinking water.

• Regular monitoring – to assess and address water quality issues timely.
• Data-driven decisions – for prioritizing water treatment efforts and allocating resources efficiently.
• Educational outreach – raising awareness on safe water practices and contamination risks.

Ultimately, pollution data and its analysis are foundational in ensuring sustainable water management and protecting public health.