Question

BOD is connected with: (a) Microbes (b) Organic matter (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these

Short answer

BOD is connected with both microbes and organic matter, so the answer is (c).

Step-by-step solution

Understanding the Question

The question asks about the connection of Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD). This involves understanding what BOD represents in environmental science.

Defining BOD

BOD, or Biological Oxygen Demand, measures the amount of oxygen that microorganisms will consume while decomposing organic matter in water. It serves as an indicator of the pollution level of the water body.

Connecting BOD to Microbes

Microbes, such as bacteria, use oxygen to break down organic materials in water, directly influencing BOD levels. Thus, BOD is connected to the microbial activity.

Connecting BOD to Organic Matter

Organic matter, when present in water, is decomposed by microbes. This process increases BOD. Hence, BOD is also related to the amount of organic matter.

Evaluating the Options

Option (a) suggests a connection with microbes, which is true. Option (b) suggests a connection with organic matter, which is also true. Option (c) combines both (a) and (b), which accurately represents BOD's connection. Option (d) denies any connection, which is incorrect.

Selecting the Correct Answer

Given that BOD is connected to both microbes and organic matter, the correct answer aligns with option (c), which states 'Both (a) and (b)'.

Key concepts

Microbial Activity in Water

Microbial activity in water is essential for maintaining the ecosystem's balance. Microorganisms, particularly bacteria, play an important role in breaking down organic substances present in water. Through this process, microbes consume oxygen, which can be measured through Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD). BOD indicates the level of microbial activity by quantifying the oxygen utilized during the decomposition.

- Microbial activity serves as a natural water treatment, breaking down waste materials. - Higher BOD levels can signify increased microbial activity, often due to organic pollution. - Monitoring microbial activity helps in managing the health and quality of water systems.

Organic Matter Decomposition

Organic matter decomposition is a critical process in aquatic ecosystems, helping to recycle nutrients. Decomposition begins when organic materials, like plants or dead organisms, enter water bodies. Microbes feast on this organic matter, breaking it down into simpler substances and releasing nutrients back into the environment.

- Decomposition releases carbon dioxide and utilizes oxygen, a key component of BOD. - This process helps to maintain the food web, providing nutrients for various organisms. - Elevated levels of organic matter can increase BOD, indicating potential pollution and stressing aquatic life.

Pollution Measurement in Water Bodies

Pollution measurement in water bodies is vital for environmental health. One primary method for assessing water pollution is through evaluating the Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD). High BOD levels often suggest that the water body has a significant load of organic waste, leading to excess microbial activity.

- BOD helps in identifying and managing the pollution sources in water systems. - Tracking BOD can alert environmental agencies to pollution spikes, prompting further action. - Effective pollution control relies on regular monitoring and addressing high BOD levels to protect aquatic environments.