Question

Titanium salts on treatment with \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) form an orange yellow colouration due to the formation of (1) titanium dioxide (2) titanic acid (3) titanium hydroxide (4) pertitanic acid

Short answer

The orange-yellow coloration is due to pertitanic acid.

Step-by-step solution

Understanding the Reaction

Identify the reaction between titanium salts and hydrogen peroxide (\(\text{H}_2\text{O}_2\)). The formation of a distinct color indicates a chemical change and the formation of a specific compound.

Formation of the Compound

When titanium salts react with hydrogen peroxide, they form a complex that gives an orange-yellow coloration. This is due to the formation of pertitanic acid.

Confirmation of the Product

Verify that the compound formed is pertitanic acid, which is known for its orange-yellow color in solution.

Final Answer

The compound responsible for the orange-yellow color when titanium salts are treated with \(\text{H}_2\text{O}_2\) is pertitanic acid.

Key concepts

Hydrogen Peroxide Reaction With Titanium

When we talk about the reaction between titanium salts and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), it's important to understand the basics. Hydrogen peroxide is a common chemical that can act as an oxidizing agent. This means it can donate oxygen to a reaction.

In this specific reaction, hydrogen peroxide reacts with titanium salts. When these react together, something interesting happens. The hydrogen peroxide helps in creating a new chemical compound. This occurs because hydrogen peroxide can add extra oxygen to the titanium ions.

Remember, this is not the same as simply mixing two substances. A specific chemical reaction takes place, resulting in a new product. In this case, that product is pertitanic acid, which we'll discuss next.

Formation of Pertitanic Acid

Pertitanic acid is the key product formed when titanium salts react with hydrogen peroxide. But what exactly happens during this reaction? First, let’s break it down simply. Hydrogen peroxide interacts with the titanium salts and adds oxygen molecules to it.

As a result of this interaction and additional oxygen molecules, pertitanic acid is formed. This compound has the formula H₄TiO₄.

It's vital to note that while chemical reactions might sound complex, they follow predictable patterns. The formation of pertitanic acid showcases how ingredients combine to create something new. Understanding the steps involved in this reaction helps appreciate the unique causes and effects within chemical processes.

Color Change in Chemical Reactions

One of the fascinating aspects of chemical reactions is the color change that often occurs. When titanium salts react with hydrogen peroxide, we see a distinct orange-yellow color. This color change is a clear indicator that a new substance, in this case, pertitanic acid, has been formed.

So, what causes this color change? When the new compound forms, its electronic structure is different from the original reactants. This difference in electronic structure affects how the compound absorbs and emits light, leading to a visible color change.

In simpler terms:

• The electron movement in the new compound is different.
• This difference changes how light is absorbed or reflected.
• As a result, we see a new color.

Such visible changes provide clues about the reaction and help verify the products formed. The orange-yellow color of pertitanic acid in this reaction is a great example of how color can signify chemical transformations.