Question

In Bosch's process, which gas is utilised for the production of hydrogen? (1) producer gas (2) water gas (3) coal gas (4) natural gas

Short answer

Water gas is utilized for the production of hydrogen in Bosch's process.

Step-by-step solution

Understand Bosch's process

Bosch's process primarily involves the production of hydrogen. Knowing the basics of this process is important to determine the gas used.

Identify the available gas options

The options given are: (1) producer gas, (2) water gas, (3) coal gas, (4) natural gas. Each of these has different compositions and uses.

Analyze the role of each gas in hydrogen production

Producer gas is mostly a mix of carbon monoxide and nitrogen, water gas contains carbon monoxide and hydrogen, coal gas contains a variety of hydrocarbons, and natural gas is mainly methane. Water gas is specifically utilized for hydrogen production due to its high hydrogen content.

Conclusion

Based on the analysis, water gas (option 2) is used in Bosch's process for the production of hydrogen.

Key concepts

Hydrogen Production

Hydrogen is a crucial element in various industries, from chemical manufacturing to fuel production. One common method of hydrogen production is through Bosch's process. This method relies on specific gases and reactions to isolate hydrogen efficiently. The significance of hydrogen production lies in its wide application:

• Fuel cells for clean energy
• Petroleum refining
• Ammonia production for fertilizers

Understanding these processes is essential for mastering chemistry and industrial applications.

Water Gas

Water gas plays a pivotal role in the Bosch process for hydrogen production. This gas is a combination of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H₂). Its production involves a reaction between steam (H₂O) and coal (C), leading to the formation of water gas:
H₂O + C → CO + H₂
Water gas is selected for hydrogen production due to its relatively high hydrogen content. It is particularly beneficial in industrial settings where hydrogen is needed in large quantities. The presence of carbon monoxide also allows for further reactions to isolate pure hydrogen.

Chemical Processes

The Bosch process is one among many chemical processes designed to produce specific outputs efficiently. It employs a series of chemical reactions and engineering techniques to yield hydrogen from water gas. These steps typically involve:

• Generating water gas through the reaction of steam and coal
• Utilizing catalysts to break down compounds
• Separating hydrogen from the mixture

Chemical processes in industrial chemistry are optimized for maximum yield and purity. They often require precise control over reaction conditions such as temperature and pressure. This careful manipulation ensures that the desired product, in this case, hydrogen, is obtained in an efficient and cost-effective manner.