The Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution is a statistical tool used to describe the molecular speed distribution of gas particles.
It mathematically describes how the speeds of molecules are distributed in a gas sample.
This distribution provides a curve that shows the probability of finding a molecule with a given speed.
The peak of this curve corresponds to the most probable speed, where most gas molecules are found.
The distribution tells us that:
- The majority of molecules have speeds close to the most probable speed.
- There are fewer molecules at very high and very low speeds.
Using this distribution, we can derive important concepts like the average speed and root mean square speed.
The Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution depends on the temperature and mass of the gas molecules.
Higher temperatures shift the distribution curve to the right, meaning higher speeds.