Question

Biodegradable materials are (a) those which spoil the biological environment (b) are toxic (c) those which can be broken down by bacteria. (d) used for converting waste to greenery.

Short answer

(c) those which can be broken down by bacteria.

Step-by-step solution

Understanding Biodegradable Materials

Analyze the definition of 'biodegradable'. Biodegradable materials are substances that can be decomposed by natural organisms like bacteria, resulting in less or no pollution.

Evaluate Each Option

Consider each option provided:(a) Biodegradable materials do not spoil the biological environment.(b) They are not toxic; in fact, they are environmentally friendly.(c) Biodegradable materials can indeed be broken down by bacteria.(d) While they can help convert waste, this does not fully capture the essence of biodegradability.

Select the Correct Answer

Based on the evaluation of options, identify that option (c) correctly defines biodegradable materials.

Key concepts

Environmental Science

Environmental science is a field that combines various physical, biological, and informational sciences to study the environment and find solutions to environmental problems.
Here, we focus on understanding how different materials and activities impact our planet.

• Importance of Sustainable Practices: Sustainable practices include using materials that do not harm the environment and can be naturally decomposed without causing negative effects.
• Role of Biodegradable Materials: Biodegradable materials are crucial in helping us reduce waste and pollution since they break down naturally and minimize environmental impact.

The study of biodegradable materials fits within environmental science because it seeks ways to lessen human impact on the environment.
Using products that are friendly to our ecosystem helps promote a sustainable future.

Waste Management

Waste management is the process of handling waste from its inception to its final disposal.
This includes collection, transport, treatment, and disposal of waste. Biodegradable materials play a significant role in this process.

• Reduction of Landfill: Biodegradable materials break down naturally and therefore help reduce the amount of waste in landfills.
• Composting: These materials can be turned into compost, which can be reused in agriculture, promoting a circular economy.
• Energy Recovery: Some biodegradable waste can be used to produce bioenergy, reducing dependence on fossil fuels.

Effective waste management also ensures that waste does not harm the environment and supports recycling and reusing resources wherever possible.
This aligns perfectly with the principles of environmental science.

Decomposition by Bacteria

Decomposition by bacteria is a vital natural process where bacteria break down organic matter into simpler substances. This process has several benefits:

• Nutrient Recycling: Decomposition recycles nutrients back into the ecosystem, supporting plant growth and maintaining soil health.
• Reduction of Pollution: By breaking down biodegradable waste, bacteria help reduce pollution and prevent the buildup of harmful substances.
• Cleaner Ecosystems: Decomposition ensures that dead material doesn’t accumulate, keeping ecosystems functioning smoothly.

There are specific bacteria involved in the decomposition process, which makes it efficient.
For waste management and environmental science, understanding bacterial decomposition helps us improve waste reduction methods and better manage biodegradable materials.