Question

Modes of controlling pollution in large cities include (a) less use of insecticides (b) proper disposal of organic wastes, sewage and industrial effluents (c) shifting of factories out of the residential area (d) atl the above

Short answer

d) all the above

Step-by-step solution

Identify the Key Concept

Understand that the question is about methods to control pollution in large cities.

Evaluate Each Option

Review the given options individually to see how they contribute to pollution control.(a) Less use of insecticides: Reduces chemical pollutants.(b) Proper disposal of organic wastes, sewage and industrial effluents: Prevents contamination and pollution of water bodies and environment.(c) Shifting of factories out of the residential area: Limits resident exposure to industrial pollutants.

Determine the Comprehensive Solution

All the steps mentioned in the options (a), (b), and (c) are effective methods to control pollution. Therefore, the correct answer includes all these methods combined.

Key concepts

Insecticide Usage Reduction

Insecticides are chemicals used to kill or manage the population of insects. While they help in controlling pests, their overuse can lead to significant pollution. When insecticides are sprayed, residues often wash off into nearby water bodies, contaminating the water sources. They can also linger in the soil and air, posing health risks to humans and wildlife. Reducing insecticide usage involves:

• Using natural predators to control pest populations.
• Employing organic farming techniques.
• Implementing Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices.

These practices help in maintaining the ecological balance and reducing the chemical load in the environment.

Organic Waste Disposal

Proper disposal of organic wastes, including food scraps and yard waste, is crucial for reducing pollution. If not managed well, these wastes can produce methane, a potent greenhouse gas, and contribute to water pollution when they leach into the ground. Effective methods for organic waste disposal include:

• Composting: Breaking down organic materials to create nutrient-rich compost for soil.
• Anaerobic digestion: Converting organic waste to biogas and digestate, which can be used as a renewable energy source and fertilizer.
• Community recycling programs: Encouraging neighborhoods to separate organic waste for appropriate processing.

These methods not only help manage waste but also recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem, reducing pollution.

Industrial Effluents Management

Industrial effluents are waste liquids discharged by factories. These effluents often contain hazardous chemicals that can contaminate water sources and affect aquatic life. Proper management of industrial effluents includes several strategies:

• Treatment plants: Using facilities that treat effluents to remove harmful substances before releasing water back into the environment.
• Recycling of wastewater: Treating and reusing wastewater within the industrial processes.
• Stringent regulations: Ensuring industries comply with environmental standards and laws.

By effectively managing industrial effluents, we can prevent contamination of water bodies and protect the environment.

Factory Relocation

Relocating factories away from residential areas is another essential method of controlling pollution. Factories produce various pollutants, including gases, particulate matters, and noise, which can have detrimental effects on the health of nearby residents. Moving factories to designated industrial zones can:

• Reduce exposure of residents to harmful pollutants.
• Provide more space for better waste management infrastructure.
• Enable stricter monitoring and enforcement of pollution control measures.

Well-planned factory relocation ensures a safer living environment for the community while enabling industrial growth in an environmentally responsible manner.