Question

Ozonolysis of an organic compound gives formaldehyde as one of the products. This confirms the presence of (1) a vinyl group (2) two cthylenic bonds (3) an isopropyl group (4) an acctylinic triple bond

Short answer

Presence of a vinyl group (1).

Step-by-step solution

Understand Ozonolysis

Ozonolysis is a method used in organic chemistry to break double bonds (C=C) between carbon atoms using ozone (O_3). The double bond is cleaved, creating carbonyl compounds (aldehydes or ketones).

Identify Formaldehyde

Formaldehyde (CH_2O) is a specific type of carbonyl compound, which is a simple aldehyde. In the context of ozonolysis, its formation suggests a specific structure in the original compound.

Analyze Options

Evaluate which option can result in the formation of formaldehyde upon ozonolysis. A vinyl group (CH_2=CH-) when reacted with ozone breaks the double bond, forming formaldehyde.

Conclude

Since the presence of a vinyl group (CH_2=CH-) in the organic compound will produce formaldehyde as one of the products after ozonolysis, the correct answer is the presence of a vinyl group.

Key concepts

formaldehyde formation

Formaldehyde (CH_2O) is a simple aldehyde and is often encountered in organic reactions, especially in ozonolysis. When certain double bonds in organic compounds are broken using ozone (O_3), one product can be formaldehyde.
This happens because the double bond is split, forming two separate carbonyl compounds.
If the double bond is part of a vinyl group (\(\mathrm{CH}_2=CH\)-), breaking it through ozonolysis typically releases formaldehyde.
Recognizing the appearance of formaldehyde is crucial in identifying the structure of the original organic compound.
For instance, in the presence of a vinyl group, ozonolysis invariably leads to the generation of formaldehyde due to its specific structure. This understanding is a key step in solving the exercise correctly.

vinyl group

A vinyl group is an essential structural component in organic chemistry, represented as (\(\mathrm{CH}_2=CH\)-).
It consists of an ethylene molecule minus one hydrogen atom, resulting in a double-bonded carbon chain.
The presence of a vinyl group within a molecule implies specific reactivity patterns during chemical reactions like ozonolysis.

• When a vinyl group undergoes ozonolysis, the double bond between the carbon atoms breaks, leading to the formation of two molecules, one of which is formaldehyde.

This reaction is significant for identifying the original molecular structure.
Recognizing vinyl groups and their behavior during ozonolysis is central to solving problems involving formaldehyde production.
The exercise confirmed that identifying formaldehyde among the products strongly indicated the presence of a vinyl group in the original compound.

organic reaction mechanism

The organic reaction mechanism of ozonolysis plays a vital role in understanding how double bonds are cleaved to form new products.
Reacting ozone (\(\mathrm{O_3}\)) with a carbon-carbon double bond (\(\mathrm{C=C}\)) results in the bond's cleavage, forming carbonyl compounds such as aldehydes and ketones.
The mechanism can be summarized in these steps:

• First, ozone reacts with the double bond, forming an ozonide intermediate.
• Next, the ozonide decomposes, resulting in the formation of carbonyl compounds.
• If a vinyl group (\(\mathrm{CH}_2=CH\)-) is involved, this process produces formaldehyde along with another carbonyl fragment.

Understanding this reaction helps to predict the products of ozonolysis accurately.
Knowing the typical outcomes aids in identifying functional groups within an unknown organic compound.
Such foundational knowledge about organic reaction mechanisms is crucial for tackling exercises related to breaking and forming chemical bonds.