Question

The correct statement among the following is (1) Carbon dioxide can be directly converted into a solid by applying pressure. (2) Solid carbon dioxide is called dry ice. (3) Solid carbon dioxide produces a cooling effect during sublimation so used as refrigerator under the name drikold. (4) All are correct.

Short answer

Option 2 is correct.

Step-by-step solution

Understand the Question

Read the question carefully and identify that it asks to find the correct statement(s) among the given options about carbon dioxide.

Analyze Option 1

Option 1 states that carbon dioxide can be directly converted into a solid by applying pressure. This is not true, as carbon dioxide typically requires both cooling and pressure changes to become solidified.

Analyze Option 2

Option 2 states that solid carbon dioxide is called dry ice. This is correct. Solid CO2 is indeed known as dry ice.

Analyze Option 3

Option 3 states that solid carbon dioxide produces a cooling effect during sublimation and is used as a refrigerator under the name drikold. This is mostly correct, as solid CO2 does produce a cooling effect during sublimation, and is often used in refrigeration, though 'drikold' is not a commonly known term.

Conclusion

Since Option 2 is definitively correct and Option 3 is mostly correct with a minor naming issue, conclude that not all options are correct as a whole. Hence, the correct statement among the list is Option 2.

Key concepts

Dry Ice

Solid carbon dioxide is commonly known as dry ice. It's called dry ice because it doesn't melt into a liquid when it warms up. Instead, it changes directly from a solid to a gas—a process called sublimation. This quality makes it different from regular ice, which melts into water. Dry ice is often used in situations where a very low temperature is needed, such as in transporting perishable goods. Additionally, it's popular in creating fog effects in theatre productions and Halloween events due to the thick, smoky vapor it produces.

Sublimation

Sublimation is the process by which a substance transitions directly from a solid to a gas without passing through the liquid phase. For dry ice, sublimation occurs at temperatures of about -78.5°C. Unlike normal ice, which melts into water when heated, dry ice undergoes sublimation, which makes it very efficient for cooling purposes where no residue is desired.<<

Cooling Effect

Dry ice produces a significant cooling effect during its sublimation. When solid carbon dioxide converts to gas, it absorbs heat, effectively cooling the surrounding environment. This makes dry ice a very efficient cooling agent. It's used in various applications like preserving food, medical supplies, and even in special effects. Because it doesn't leave any liquid behind, it's more convenient for situations where cleanliness and dryness are crucial.