Question

Which one of the following allotropic from of carbon is isomorphous with crystalline silicon? (1) Graphite (2) Coal (3) Coke (4) Diamond

Short answer

Diamond

Step-by-step solution

- Understand Allotropes of Carbon

Allotropes of carbon are different forms in which the element carbon exists. The main allotropes are Graphite, Coal, Coke, and Diamond.

- Define Isomorphous

Two substances are isomorphous when they have the same crystal structure.

- Identify Crystal Structures

Crystalline silicon has a diamond cubic crystal structure. Now, identify which carbon allotrope has the same structure as crystalline silicon.

- Match Carbon Allotrope

Among the given options, Diamond has the same diamond cubic crystal structure as crystalline silicon.

Key concepts

isomorphous substances

Isomorphous substances are materials that share the same crystal structure. This doesn't mean they are chemically identical, but their atoms arrange themselves in a similar pattern in the crystal lattice.

Think of it like two different puzzle pieces that fit together in identical ways. In this context, crystalline silicon and diamond are considered isomorphous because both have the same diamond cubic crystal structure.

To understand why this is important, imagine two different buildings with the same floor plan but different materials. Despite the differences in materials, the blueprints (or structures) are the same. This similarity helps in studying properties and behaviors of these materials.

crystal structure

Crystal structure refers to the orderly arrangement of atoms in a crystalline material.

Every solid material has atoms arranged in a specific way, forming what we call a crystal lattice. A crystal structure affects the properties such as hardness, electrical conductivity, and density.

Silicon and diamond both have the same crystal structure, known as the diamond cubic crystal structure. This structure gives diamond its famous hardness and makes silicon an essential material in electronics.

When studying materials, looking at their crystal structure helps in predicting their properties and potential applications.

diamond cubic crystal

The diamond cubic crystal is a specific type of crystal lattice found in materials like diamond and silicon.

In this structure, each atom forms a bond with four other atoms, creating a three-dimensional network. This arrangement gives materials like diamond incredible hardness and strength.

The diamond cubic crystal structure is also why silicon is useful in computer chips. It allows for precise control of electrical properties, which is essential in electronics.

By understanding the diamond cubic crystal, scientists and engineers can create materials with desired properties for various applications, from jewelry to advanced technology.