Question

\Lambdaqucous solution of KOII is called (1) Potash lyc (2) Caustic potash (3) Pearl ash (4) Salt cake

Short answer

Caustic potash

Step-by-step solution

Understand the compound

Identify the chemical formula given in the problem. KOII refers to a potassium hydroxide compound.

Common name for KOII

Recall the common names associated with potassium hydroxide (KOH). The names mentioned in the options are: Potash lyc, Caustic potash, Pearl ash, and Salt cake.

Identify the correct term

Of the given options, 'Caustic potash' is the commonly used term for potassium hydroxide solution. The term 'caustic' indicates a strong base, which fits potassium hydroxide.

Key concepts

Chemical Nomenclature

Chemical nomenclature is a systematic method of naming chemical substances. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) provides these rules to ensure that every compound has a clear and standardized name. For example, potassium hydroxide is named based on the elements and their ratios: one potassium (K), one oxygen (O), and one hydrogen (H), making its chemical formula KOH.
Understanding the proper naming helps in identifying substances accurately and prevents confusion in chemical communication. In this case, potassium hydroxide is also known by the common name 'caustic potash.' This reflects its strong basic properties and traditional use in industries.

Aqueous Solutions

An aqueous solution is a solution in which the solvent is water. In the context of the given problem, an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH) means that KOH is dissolved in water. This solution is significant because it exhibits high reactivity and forms hydroxide ions (OH⁻) in water, making it a strong base.
In aqueous solutions, chemical properties can change. For example, KOH in water dissociates into potassium (K⁺) and hydroxide (OH⁻) ions. This dissociation is why KOH is referred to as 'caustic' - it can cause chemical burns due to the strong basic nature of the hydroxide ions.
Applications of KOH aqueous solutions range from industrial processes to being used as a cleaning agent.

Common Chemical Names

Chemical compounds often have common names that are used in everyday language. These names are derived historically based on their properties or the way they are produced. For example, potassium hydroxide (KOH) is more commonly referred to as 'caustic potash.'
Other names can include 'lye' for certain strong bases like sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH). These names are simpler and more memorable than the systematic IUPAC names.
Recognizing common names along with their chemical formulas is important for identifying chemicals outside formal settings. For instance, in the exercise, 'caustic potash' was identified as the common name for the aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide.