Question

Write the name of the element for each of the following chemical symbols: (a) \(\mathrm{Cl}\) (b) Ne (c) \(\mathrm{Cd}\) (d) Ge (e) Co (f) \(R\) a (g) \(\mathrm{Cr}\) (h) Te

Short answer

(a) Chlorine, (b) Neon, (c) Cadmium, (d) Germanium, (e) Cobalt, (f) Radium, (g) Chromium, (h) Tellurium.

Step-by-step solution

Identify the chemical symbol

We start by identifying each given chemical symbol. The chemical symbols provided are: (a) \( \mathrm{Cl} \), (b) Ne, (c) \( \mathrm{Cd} \), (d) Ge, (e) Co, (f) \( R \) a, (g) \( \mathrm{Cr} \), and (h) Te.

Find the element name for each symbol

We need to find the name of the element for each chemical symbol. - \( \mathrm{Cl} \) corresponds to Chlorine. - Ne corresponds to Neon. - \( \mathrm{Cd} \) corresponds to Cadmium. - Ge corresponds to Germanium. - Co corresponds to Cobalt. - \( R \) a corresponds to Radium. - \( \mathrm{Cr} \) corresponds to Chromium. - Te corresponds to Tellurium.

Key concepts

Periodic Table

The periodic table is an essential tool in chemistry, providing a systematic arrangement of all known chemical elements. Dmitri Mendeleev, a Russian chemist, is famously credited with its development. The table organizes elements based on increasing atomic number, which represents the number of protons in an atom's nucleus. This layout helps predict the properties of elements and their compounds.

The periodic table consists of horizontal rows called periods and vertical columns known as groups or families. Elements in the same group typically share similar chemical properties because they have the same number of electrons in their outermost shell. Understanding this pattern is crucial for comprehending the behavior of elements and their potential reactions.

• Groups: Columns numbered from 1 to 18, indicating elements with similar properties
• Periods: Rows that signify increasing energy levels
• Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids: The table categorizes elements into these three categories based on common characteristics

By using the periodic table, chemists can understand and predict how different elements might interact, making it a vital tool in both academic studies and practical applications.

Element Names

Element names are standardized to avoid confusion across different languages and cultures. Each chemical element has a specific name that typically reflects a characteristic property, a historical discovery, or honors a scientist. These names are approved and regulated by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) to ensure global consistency. When learning about elements, it helps to remember that many are derived from ancient languages such as Latin or Greek.

For example, the name 'Chlorine' comes from the Greek word 'chloros', meaning greenish-yellow, which describes the element's gaseous appearance. Similarly, 'Sodium' is derived from the Latin word 'natrium', hence its symbol 'Na'. Understanding the origin of these names can help you remember the element's characteristics or its historical significance.

• Chlorine (Cl): Greenish-yellow in gas form
• Neon (Ne): From Greek 'neos' meaning new
• Cobalt (Co): Derived from German 'kobalt' meaning goblin

Grasping the origin and meaning behind element names enriches the learning experience and aids in retaining essential details about their properties.

Chemical Elements

Chemical elements are pure substances consisting of only one type of atom, each distinguished by its unique number of protons, known as the atomic number. These elements are the building blocks of matter, combining in countless ways to form different compounds.

Understanding chemical elements involves recognizing their behavior, reactivity, and the nature of their interactions with other elements. This is fundamental for any chemistry student, as it forms the basis for explaining complex reactions and processes occurring in everyday life. Each element is represented by a one or two-letter symbol, derived from its name, which makes them easy to identify and use in chemical equations.

• Chemical Symbols: Abbreviations like Co for Cobalt and Cd for Cadmium
• Atomic Properties: Defined by atomic number and mass
• Elemental Groups: Including metals, nonmetals, and metalloids

Grasping the basics of chemical elements is essential for further exploration in chemistry, allowing students to understand how various elements combine to form the world around us.