Question

A solution is \(0.1 \%\) by mass calcium chloride. Therefore, \(100 .\) g of the solution contains ______________ g of calcium chloride.

Short answer

100g of the solution contains \(0.1g\) of calcium chloride.

Step-by-step solution

Understand the problem statement and given information.

We have a solution with a concentration of 0.1% by mass of calcium chloride. This means for every 100g of the solution, there will be 0.1% of calcium chloride. We need to find out the mass of calcium chloride in 100g of the solution.

Convert the percentage to a decimal.

To find the mass of calcium chloride, we first need to convert the given percentage (0.1%) to a decimal. We do this by dividing the percentage by 100: 0.1% = 0.1 / 100 = 0.001

Multiply the decimal by the total mass.

Now that we have the decimal equivalent of the percentage, we need to multiply it by the total mass of the solution (100g) to find the mass of calcium chloride: Mass of calcium chloride = 0.001 * 100g

Calculate the mass of calcium chloride.

By multiplying the decimal by the total mass, we can find the mass of calcium chloride in 100g of the solution: Mass of calcium chloride = 0.001 * 100g = 0.1g So, 100g of the solution contains 0.1g of calcium chloride.

Key concepts

Solution Concentration

Solution concentration refers to the amount of a substance (known as solute) present in a certain quantity of solvent or solution. It is a way to express how much of a chemical is mixed within a solution. In chemistry, concentration is commonly expressed as a percentage. This tells us how much of the solute makes up, by mass or volume, of the total solution.

For example, if you have a 0.1% concentration of calcium chloride, this means there are 0.1 grams of calcium chloride for every 100 grams of the solution. This method provides a clear understanding of the proportion of solute to solvent, making it easier for scientists to prepare and analyze solutions accurately.

• Mass percentage ( % m/m ) - calculated as the mass of the solute divided by the total mass of the solution, multiplied by 100.
• Volume percentage ( % v/v ) - the volume of solute divided by the total volume of the solution, multiplied by 100.
• Mass/volume percentage ( % m/v ) - the mass of solute present in a specific solution volume, again multiplied by 100.

This exercise demonstrates mass percentage, where calcium chloride’s mass relative to the solution is what we calculate in grams.

Calcium Chloride

Calcium chloride is a chemical compound with the formula CaCl_2 . It consists of calcium and chlorine atoms. When dissolved in water, it is a strong electrolyte, which means it dissociates into ions, allowing the solution to conduct electricity.

Solutions containing calcium chloride are typically highly soluble, making it a popular choice in various industrial applications. It's often used for purposes like de-icing roads or as a firming agent in food. In the context of the exercise, understanding calcium chloride's role as the solute helps clarify concentration calculations.

• Solid at room temperature
• Quickly absorbs moisture; commonly used as a drying agent
• Can be exothermic when dissolving in water, releasing heat

Recognizing these properties means you can better understand its behavior and role in solutions like the one calculated in your exercise.

Chemical Problem-solving

Chemical problem-solving involves breaking down complex chemical processes into understandable steps. It requires understanding conversion factors, units of measurements, and problem interpretation. Through this, you'll be able to find solutions effectively.

Let's use the original problem. To find the mass of calcium chloride in the solution, you follow a few simple steps:

• Identify given data - in this problem, the 0.1% concentration of calcium chloride is crucial.
• Convert measurement units - turning percentages into decimals is key to making calculations manageable, i.e., 0.1% to 0.001.
• Use arithmetic operations - simply multiply the decimal by the total mass to obtain the desired result.

These steps are part of the systemic approach in chemical problem-solving, enabling a methodical path to solution finding. By repeating these practices, you'll gain proficiency and enhance your capacity to tackle similar problems in real-world scenarios.