Question

Give the name of each of the following simple binary ionic compounds. a. \(Nal\) b. \(\mathrm{CaF}_{2}\) c. \(A l_{2} S_{3}\) d. \(\operatorname{CaBr}_{2}\) e. \(Sro\) f. \(AgCl\) g. \(CsI\) h. \(\mathrm{Li}_{2} \mathrm{O}\)

Short answer

a. Sodium iodide b. Calcium fluoride c. Aluminum sulfide d. Calcium bromide e. Strontium oxide f. Silver chloride g. Cesium iodide h. Lithium oxide

Step-by-step solution

Identify the cation and anion in each compound

For each compound, identify the cation (positively charged ion) and anion (negatively charged ion). The cation is normally written first, and the anion is written second.

Name the cation and anion in each compound

For each compound, write the names of the cation and anion, using the periodic table as a reference. For cations, simply use the name of the element. For anions, change the suffix of the element's name to -ide.

Name each binary ionic compound

Combine the names of the cation and anion in each compound. a. \(NaI\) Cation: Sodium (Na) Anion: Iodide (I) Compound name: Sodium iodide b. \(CaF_2\) Cation: Calcium (Ca) Anion: Fluoride (F) Compound name: Calcium fluoride c. \(Al_2S_3\) Cation: Aluminum (Al) Anion: Sulfide (S) Compound name: Aluminum sulfide d. \(CaBr_2\) Cation: Calcium (Ca) Anion: Bromide (Br) Compound name: Calcium bromide e. \(SrO\) Cation: Strontium (Sr) Anion: Oxide (O) Compound name: Strontium oxide f. \(AgCl\) Cation: Silver (Ag) Anion: Chloride (Cl) Compound name: Silver chloride g. \(CsI\) Cation: Cesium (Cs) Anion: Iodide (I) Compound name: Cesium iodide h. \(Li_2O\) Cation: Lithium (Li) Anion: Oxide (O) Compound name: Lithium oxide

Key concepts

Naming Ionic Compounds

When it comes to naming ionic compounds, understanding the basic rules is essential. Binary ionic compounds consist of two types of elements: a metal (cation) and a non-metal (anion). To name these compounds:

• First, identify the names of the cation and the anion.
• The name of the cation (metal) is followed by the name of the anion.
• For the anion, you change the end of the element name to "-ide."

For example, in the compound \(NaI\):- "Na" is sodium, which is a cation, and keeps its name "sodium."- The anion part "I" becomes iodide. Combined, it's named "sodium iodide." This method applies to all simple binary ionic compounds, ensuring that names convey the identities of both the elements involved.

Cation and Anion Identification

Binary ionic compounds are composed of a mixture of cations (positively charged ions) and anions (negatively charged ions). The cation is typically a metal listed first in the chemical formula, followed by the anion, a non-metal.

• The cation retains the name of the element. For instance, "Ca" for calcium stays as "calcium."
• The anion's name is modified by replacing its ending with "-ide." For example, "F" becomes "fluoride."

Consider the compound \(CaF_2\):- "Ca" is the cation calcium.- "F" is the anion fluorine, which changes to "fluoride."Clear identification of each component eases the process of assembling their names systematically. By identifying the roles each element plays in the ionic compound, students can effectively translate any given chemical formula into its proper name.

Chemical Nomenclature

Chemical nomenclature refers to the system of names used for chemical compounds. In the realm of binary ionic compounds, the nomenclature follows a straightforward principle.

• The metal (cation) name appears first, maintaining its original element name.
• Next, the non-metal (anion) name follows, altered by replacing its suffix with "-ide."

Understanding chemical nomenclature is critical because it provides a standardized way to communicate chemical substances. For instance, in \(Al_2S_3\):- "Al" is "aluminum," the cation.- "S" changes from "sulfur" to "sulfide" as the anion.This clear method of naming compounds universally communicates the components and structure of the compound. It is a fundamental aspect of learning chemistry and supports effective scientific communication.