Question

Write the formula for each of the following compounds that contain polyatomic ions. Be sure to enclose the polyatomic ion in parentheses if more than one such ion is needed to balance the oppositely charged ion(s). a. ammonium nitrate b. magnesium acetate c. calcium peroxide d. potassium hydrogen sulfate e. iron(II) sulfate f. potassium hydrogen carbonate g. cobalt(II) sulfate h. lithium perchlorate

Short answer

a. NH₄NO₃ b. Mg(CH₃COO)₂ c. CaO₂ d. KHSO₄ e. FeSO₄ f. KHCO₃ g. CoSO₄ h. LiClO₄

Step-by-step solution

a. Ammonium nitrate

First, identify the ions in the compound. Ammonium (NH₄⁺) has a positive charge, and nitrate (NO₃⁻) has a negative charge. Since both ions have charges of one (but opposite signs), we don't need to multiply any of them by a number. So, the formula for ammonium nitrate is NH₄NO₃.

b. Magnesium acetate

The ions in this compound are magnesium (Mg²⁺) and acetate (CH₃COO⁻). Magnesium has a charge of 2+, and acetate has a charge of 1-, so we need two acetate ions to balance the magnesium charge. The formula for magnesium acetate is Mg(CH₃COO)₂.

c. Calcium peroxide

The ions in this compound are calcium (Ca²⁺) and peroxide (O₂²⁻). Both ions have charges of 2, so we don't need to multiply any of them by a number. The formula for calcium peroxide is CaO₂.

d. Potassium hydrogen sulfate

This compound contains potassium (K⁺) and hydrogen sulfate (HSO₄⁻) ions. Both ions have charges of one, so we don't need to multiply any of them by a number. The formula for potassium hydrogen sulfate is KHSO₄.

e. Iron(II) sulfate

Iron(II) has a charge of 2+ (Fe²⁺), and sulfate has a charge of 2- (SO₄²⁻). Both ions have charges of 2, so we don't need to multiply any of them by a number. The formula for iron(II) sulfate is FeSO₄.

f. Potassium hydrogen carbonate

This compound contains potassium (K⁺) and hydrogen carbonate (HCO₃⁻) ions. Both ions have charges of one, so we don't need to multiply any of them by a number. The formula for potassium hydrogen carbonate is KHCO₃.

g. Cobalt(II) sulfate

Cobalt(II) has a charge of 2+ (Co²⁺), and sulfate has a charge of 2- (SO₄²⁻). Both ions have charges of 2, so we don't need to multiply any of them by a number. The formula for cobalt(II) sulfate is CoSO₄.

h. Lithium perchlorate

This compound contains lithium (Li⁺) and perchlorate (ClO₄⁻) ions. Both ions have charges of one, so we don't need to multiply any of them by a number. The formula for lithium perchlorate is LiClO₄.