Question

Write the equation for the synthesis of ethanol from ethylene. What are some commercial uses of ethanol made by this process?

Short answer

The balanced chemical equation for the synthesis of ethanol from ethylene is: \(C_2H_4 + H_2O \rightarrow C_2H_5OH\). Commercial uses of ethanol made by this process include serving as a solvent in paint manufacturing, personal care products, fuel additives to gasoline, pharmaceuticals, and cleaning solutions for electronic devices and scientific equipment.

Step-by-step solution

Write the balanced chemical equation for the synthesis of ethanol from ethylene

To synthesize ethanol from ethylene, water (H₂O) reacts with ethylene (C₂H₄) in the presence of an acid catalyst, producing ethanol (C₂H₅OH). The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is: \[ C_2H_4 + H_2O \rightarrow C_2H_5OH \]

List some commercial uses of ethanol made by this process

Ethanol produced from ethylene is mainly used as an industrial and commercial solvent. Some of its uses include: 1. As a solvent in the manufacturing of paints, varnishes, and other coating materials. 2. In the production of personal care products, such as perfumes, cosmetics, and toiletries. 3. As a fuel additive to gasoline for reducing vehicle emissions and improving engine performance. 4. In the pharmaceutical industry, ethanol made from ethylene serves as a solvent in the manufacturing of drugs and medicines. 5. It is also used in cleaning solutions for electronic devices, scientific equipment, and glassware.