Question

Without referring to your textbook or a periodic table, write the full electron configuration, the orbital box diagram, and the noble gas shorthand configuration for the elements with the following atomic numbers. a. $Z=21$ b. $Z=15$ c. $Z=36$ d. $Z=38$ e. $Z=30$

Short answer

a. $Z=21$ 1. Electron Configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹ 2. Orbital Box Diagram: 1s: ↑↓ | 2s: ↑↓ | 2p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 3s: ↑↓ | 3p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 4s: ↑↓ | 3d: ↑ 3. Noble Gas Shorthand Configuration: [Ar] 4s² 3d¹ b. $Z=15$ 1. Electron Configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p³ 2. Orbital Box Diagram: 1s: ↑↓ | 2s: ↑↓ | 2p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 3s: ↑↓ | 3p: ↑ ↑ ↑ 3. Noble Gas Shorthand Configuration: [Ne] 3s² 3p³ c. $Z=36$ 1. Electron Configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d² 2. Orbital Box Diagram: 1s: ↑↓ | 2s: ↑↓ | 2p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 3s: ↑↓ | 3p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 4s: ↑↓ | 3d: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 4p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 5s: ↑↓ | 4d: ↑ ↑ 3. Noble Gas Shorthand Configuration: [Kr] d. $Z=38$ 1. Electron Configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d³ 2. Orbital Box Diagram: 1s: ↑↓ | 2s: ↑↓ | 2p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 3s: ↑↓ | 3p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 4s: ↑↓ | 3d: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 4p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 5s: ↑↓ | 4d: ↑ ↑ ↑ 3. Noble Gas Shorthand Configuration: [Kr] 5s² 4d³ e. $Z=30$ 1. Electron Configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 2. Orbital Box Diagram: 1s: ↑↓ | 2s: ↑↓ | 2p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 3s: ↑↓ | 3p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 4s: ↑↓ | 3d: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ 3. Noble Gas Shorthand Configuration: [Ar] 4s² 3d¹⁰

Step-by-step solution

1. Electron Configuration

For an element with $Z=21$, the electron configuration would be: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹

2. Orbital Box Diagram

The orbital box diagram for $Z=21$ can be represented as: 1s: ↑↓ | 2s: ↑↓ | 2p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 3s: ↑↓ | 3p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 4s: ↑↓ | 3d: ↑

3. Noble Gas Shorthand Configuration

The noble gas preceding $Z=21$ is Argon ($Ar$, $Z=18$). So the shorthand configuration would be: [Ar] 4s² 3d¹ b. $Z=15$

1. Electron Configuration

For an element with $Z=15$, the electron configuration would be: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p³

2. Orbital Box Diagram

The orbital box diagram for $Z=15$ can be represented as: 1s: ↑↓ | 2s: ↑↓ | 2p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 3s: ↑↓ | 3p: ↑ ↑ ↑

3. Noble Gas Shorthand Configuration

The noble gas preceding $Z=15$ is Neon ($Ne$, $Z=10$). So the shorthand configuration would be: [Ne] 3s² 3p³ c. $Z=36$

1. Electron Configuration

For an element with $Z=36$, the electron configuration would be: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d²

2. Orbital Box Diagram

The orbital box diagram for $Z=36$ can be represented as: 1s: ↑↓ | 2s: ↑↓ | 2p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 3s: ↑↓ | 3p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 4s: ↑↓ | 3d: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 4p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 5s: ↑↓ | 4d: ↑ ↑

3. Noble Gas Shorthand Configuration

The noble gas preceding $Z=36$ is Krypton ($Kr$, $Z=36$). So the shorthand configuration would be: [Kr] d. $Z=38$

1. Electron Configuration

For an element with $Z=38$, the electron configuration would be: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d³

2. Orbital Box Diagram

The orbital box diagram for $Z=38$ can be represented as: 1s: ↑↓ | 2s: ↑↓ | 2p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 3s: ↑↓ | 3p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 4s: ↑↓ | 3d: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 4p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 5s: ↑↓ | 4d: ↑ ↑ ↑

3. Noble Gas Shorthand Configuration

The noble gas preceding $Z=38$ is Krypton ($Kr$, $Z=36$). So the shorthand configuration would be: [Kr] 5s² 4d³ e. $Z=30$

1. Electron Configuration

For an element with $Z=30$, the electron configuration would be: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰

2. Orbital Box Diagram

The orbital box diagram for $Z=30$ can be represented as: 1s: ↑↓ | 2s: ↑↓ | 2p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 3s: ↑↓ | 3p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ | 4s: ↑↓ | 3d: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓

3. Noble Gas Shorthand Configuration

The noble gas preceding $Z=30$ is Argon ($Ar$, $Z=18$). So the shorthand configuration would be: [Ar] 4s² 3d¹⁰