Question

In a chemical reaction, two small molecules are joined, and a water molecule is produced. What type of reaction took place?

Short answer

Dehydration synthesis (or condensation) reaction.

Step-by-step solution

Understand the Reaction Components

Identify the components involved in the chemical reaction. Two small molecules are joining together, and a water molecule is produced as a byproduct.

Define the Process

Recall the type of reaction where two molecules combine to form a larger molecule with the release of a small molecule like water. This process is known as condensation.

Recognize the Specific Reaction Type

A common type of condensation reaction in biochemistry is a dehydration synthesis reaction where the water molecule is removed during the joining of two substrates.

Conclude the Reaction Type

Summarize the findings. When two small molecules are joined and a water molecule is produced, the reaction is called a dehydration synthesis (or condensation) reaction.

Key concepts

Condensation Reaction

In chemistry, a condensation reaction occurs when two smaller molecules combine to form a larger molecule. During this process, a small molecule such as water is often released. This is why it's also known as a dehydration synthesis reaction.
These types of reactions are essential in forming various complex organic compounds, particularly in biological systems.
In the exercise provided, two molecules join together and release a water molecule. This is a classic example of a condensation reaction.
To summarize, condensation reactions are fundamental processes that form larger molecules from smaller ones while releasing small molecules.

Biochemistry

Biochemistry is the branch of science that explores the chemical processes within and related to living organisms.
In biochemistry, condensation reactions play a crucial role. For example:

• Formation of proteins: Amino acids join via peptide bonds through the release of water.
• Synthesis of carbohydrates: Monosaccharides (simple sugars) form polysaccharides via glycosidic bonds, again releasing water.

Understanding these reactions is crucial for comprehending how biological macromolecules (like proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides) are formed and how they function within living organisms.

Reaction Type Identification

Identifying the type of reaction in biochemistry involves recognizing the changes in molecules and observing the byproducts.
In the given exercise, two small molecules combine and produce a water molecule. These primary observations point to a condensation reaction.
Here’s a quick guide to help identify similar reactions in the future:

• Look for the combining of two small molecules.
• Check if a small molecule is released (e.g., water, HCl).
• Recall common reaction types like dehydration synthesis, where water is specifically released.

By following these steps, you can correctly identify many biochemical reactions.