Chapter 4: Problem 55
How many moles of \(\mathrm{MgCl}_{2}\) are present in \(60.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of \(0.100 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{MgCl}_{2}\) solution?
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Oxygen \(\left(\mathrm{O}_{2}\right)\) and carbon dioxide \(\left(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\right)\) are colorless and odorless gases. Suggest two chemical tests that would enable you to distinguish between them.
The concentration of \(\mathrm{Cu}^{2+}\) ions in the water (which also contains sulfate ions) discharged from a certain industrial plant is determined by adding excess sodium sulfide \(\left(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{~S}\right)\) solution to \(0.800 \mathrm{~L}\) of the water. The molecular equation is $$ \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{~S}(a q)+\mathrm{CuSO}_{4}(a q) \longrightarrow_{\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}(a q)+\operatorname{CuS}(s)} $$ Write the net ionic equation and calculate the molar concentration of \(\mathrm{Cu}^{2+}\) in the water sample if \(0.0177 \mathrm{~g}\) of solid \(\mathrm{CuS}\) is formed.
For the complete redox reactions given here, write the half-reactions and identify the oxidizing and reducing agents: (a) \(4 \mathrm{Fe}+3 \mathrm{O}_{2} \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{Fe}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}+2 \mathrm{NaBr} \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{NaCl}+\mathrm{Br}_{2}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Si}+2 \mathrm{~F}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{SiF}_{4}\) (d) \(\mathrm{H}_{2}+\mathrm{Cl}_{2} \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{HCl}\)
A 325-mL sample of solution contains \(25.3 \mathrm{~g}\) of \(\mathrm{CaCl}_{2}\). (a) Calculate the molar concentration of \(\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\) in this solution. (b) How many grams of \(\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\) are in \(0.100 \mathrm{~L}\) of this solution?
Describe hydration. What properties of water enable its molecules to interact with ions in solution?
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