Question

Which of the following is the stronger base: \(\mathrm{NF}_{3}\) or \(\mathrm{NH}_{3} ?\) (Hint: \(\mathrm{F}\) is more electronegative than \(\left.\mathrm{H} .\right)\)

Short answer

\(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) is the stronger base.

Step-by-step solution

Understanding Bases and Electronegativity

Bases are substances that can accept protons (H+ ions). The ability of a substance to act as a base is influenced by its electronegativity. Generally, the more electronegative an atom is, the less likely it is to donate an electron pair, hence less likely to act as a base.

Comparing Electronegativity

We are given that \(\mathrm{F}\) (Fluorine) is more electronegative than \(\mathrm{H}\) (Hydrogen). This means that \(\mathrm{F}\) is less likely to donate an electron pair compared to \(\mathrm{H}\). Therefore, the base with \(\mathrm{H}\), \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\), has a higher probability of accepting a proton (H+) and thus behaving as a base.

Conclusion

From our analysis, we can deduce that \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) is a stronger base than \(\mathrm{NF}_{3}\) since it has atoms that are less electronegative, and hence more likely to donate an electron pair and accept a proton.