Problem 31
(a) What does the term "aromatic" refer to when discussing organic molecules? (b) What is resonance and why is it important in aromatic compounds?
Problem 32
What family-name endings are used for alkenes, alkynes, and substituted benzenes?
Problem 33
What prefixes are used in naming the following? (a) A 1,3 -disubstituted benzene (b) A 1,4 -disubstituted benzene
Problem 34
Write structural formulas for compounds that meet the following descriptions: (a) A 6-carbon alkene whose longest chain is 4 carbons in length (three possibilities) (b) An alkyne with 5 carbons total (three possibilities) (c) A monosubstituted benzene with a total of 8 carbons (one possibility) (d) A disubstituted benzene with a total of 8 carbons (three possibilities)
Problem 35
Write structural formulas for compounds that meet the following descriptions: (a) An alkene, \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12}\), that cannot have cis-trans isomers and whose longest chain is 5 carbons long (b) An alkene with a chemical formula of \(\mathrm{C}_{10} \mathrm{H}_{12}\) that has cis-trans isomers and contains a benzene ring.
Problem 38
Draw structures corresponding to the following IUPAC names: (a) trans-Pent- 2 -ene (b) trans-3,4-Dimethylhex-3-ene (c) 2-Methylbuta-1,3-diene (d) trans-Hept-3-ene (e) \(p\) -Nitrotoluene (f) \(o\) -Chlorophenol (g) 1,2-Dimethylcyclobutene (h) 3,3 -Diethyl-6-methylnon-4-ene
Problem 39
Draw structures corresponding to the following names: (a) Aniline (b) Phenol (c) \(o\) -Xylene (d) 2,4,6 -Trinitrobenzene (e) \(p\) -Chlorobenzoic acid (f) \(m\) -Nitroaniline (g) \(o\) -Chlorobenzaldehyde (h) Anisole (methoxybenzene)
Problem 40
Seven alkynes have the formula \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{10}\). Draw them, using line structures.
Problem 41
Draw and name all phenols with the formula \(\mathrm{C}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{8} \mathrm{O}\).
Problem 42
When ethylbenzene is reacted with nitric acid, three possible benzenes containing both a nitro group and an ethyl group are obtained. Draw and name them.
