Problem 53
Draw the resonance structures of the benzene molecule. Why is benzene more stable than one would expect if the ring contained three carbon-carbon double bonds?
Problem 54
Polystyrene plastic is a hydrocarbon that consists of a long chain of carbon atoms joined by single bonds in which every other carbon is attached to a benzene ring. The ring is attached by replacing a hydrogen atom of benzene with a single bond to the carbon chain. Sketch a portion of a polystyrene molecule that contains five benzene rings.
Problem 55
Sketch the structures for (a) methane, (b) ethane, and (c) propane.
Problem 56
Draw the structure for a hydrocarbon that has a chain of six carbon atoms linked by single bonds. How many hydrogen atoms does the molecule have? What is the molecular formula for the compound?
Problem 63
In each of the following pairs of compounds, which would have the larger lattice energy: (a) \(\mathrm{CaO}\) or \(\mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3},\) (b) \(\mathrm{BeO}\) or \(\mathrm{SrO},\) (c) \(\mathrm{NaCl}\) or \(\mathrm{NaBr}\) ?
Problem 64
In each of the following pairs of compounds, which would have the larger lattice energy: (a) \(\mathrm{MgO}\) or \(\mathrm{CaO}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) or \(\mathrm{MgO}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Ca}_{3} \mathrm{P}_{2}\) or \(\mathrm{CaO}\) ?
Problem 67
Explain what happens to the electron configurations of \(\mathrm{Mg}\) and \(\mathrm{Br}\) when they react to form magnesium bromide
Problem 68
Describe what happens to the electron configurations of lithium and nitrogen when they react to form the lithium nitride.
Problem 70
What are the electron configurations of the \(\mathrm{Bi}^{3+}\) and \(\mathrm{Bi}^{5+}\) ions?
Problem 71
Write the abbreviated electron configuration of the \(\mathrm{Mn}^{3+}\) ion. How many unpaired electrons does the ion contain?
