Problem 35
Draw a potential energy diagram for an exothermic reaction and indicate on the diagram the location of the transition state.
Problem 36
Some might say that the "transition state theory tries to describe what happens from the moment molecules start to collide until they finally separate." Critique this statement, comparing to the collision theory as needed.
Problem 38
The decomposition of carbon dioxide, $$\mathrm{CO}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{CO}+\mathrm{O}$$ has an activation energy of approximately \(460 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol}\). Explain why this large value is consistent with a mechanism that involves the breaking of a \(\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{O}\) bond.
Problem 39
Draw the potential energy diagram for an endothermic reaction. Indicate on the diagram the activation energy for both the forward and reverse reactions. Also indicate the heat of reaction.
Problem 40
What is the definition of an elementary process? How are elementary processes related to the mechanism of a reaction?
Problem 41
What is a rate-determining step?
Problem 42
What is an intermediate in the context of reaction mechanisms?
Problem 44
Suppose we compared two reactions, one requiring the simultaneous collision of three molecules and the other requiring a collision between two molecules. From the standpoint of statistics, and all other factors being equal, which reaction should be faster? Explain your answer.
Problem 45
In what way is the rate law for a reaction related to the rate-determining step?
Problem 47
How does a catalyst increase the rate of a chemical reaction?
