Chapter 2: Problem 112
In what part of the atom does the strong nuclear force operate?
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Hydrogen sulfide is composed of two elements: hydrogen and sulfur. In an experiment, \(6.500 \mathrm{~g}\) of hydrogen sulfide is fully decomposed into its elements. (a) If \(0.384 \mathrm{~g}\) of hydrogen is obtained in this experiment, how many grams of sulfur must be obtained? (b) What fundamental law does this experiment demonstrate? (c) How is this law explained by Dalton's atomic theory?
Write the empirical formula corresponding to each of the following molecular formulas: (a) \(\mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{Br}_{6}\), (b) \(\mathrm{C}_{8} \mathrm{H}_{10}\), (c) \(\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{8} \mathrm{O}_{2}\), (d) \(\mathrm{P}_{4} \mathrm{O}_{10}\), (e) \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{4} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}\), (f) \(\mathrm{B}_{3} \mathrm{~N}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{6}\).
For each of the following elements, write its chemical symbol, locate it in the periodic table, give its atomic number, and indicate whether it is a metal, metalloid, or nonmetal: (a) chromium, (b) helium, (c) phosphorus, (d) zinc, (e) magnesium, (f) bromine, \((g)\) arsenic.
What are the differences in the compositions of the following pairs of atomic nuclei? (a) \({ }_{83}^{210} \mathrm{Bi},{ }_{82}^{210} \mathrm{~Pb}\); (b) \({ }_{7}^{14} \mathrm{~N},{ }_{7}^{15} \mathrm{~N}\); (c) \({ }_{10}^{20} \mathrm{Ne},{ }_{18}^{40} \mathrm{Ar}\)
Many familiar substances have common, unsystematic names. For each of the following, give the correct systematic name: (a) saltpeter, \(\mathrm{KNO}_{3}\); (b) soda ash, \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3} ;\) (c) lime, \(\mathrm{CaO}\); (d) muriatic acid, \(\mathrm{HCl}\); (e) Epsom salts, \(\mathrm{MgSO}_{4}\); (f) milk of magnesia, \(\mathrm{Mg}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\).
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