Question

Identify the type of aqueous reaction using the symbols PPT for precipitation, SA/SB for strong acid-strong base, SA/WB for strong acid-weak base, WA/SB for weak acidstrong base, and NR for no reaction. (a) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{NH}_{2}+\mathrm{HCl}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}+\mathrm{HF}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}+\mathrm{Na}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Ag}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}+\mathrm{BaCl}_{2}\) (e) \(\mathrm{Mg}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}+\mathrm{NaCl}\)

Short answer

Identify the type of aqueous reaction for each reaction using the symbols provided. Then, write a balanced chemical equation. a) Ethylamine + HCl Type of Reaction: SA/WB Balanced Chemical Equation: CH3CH2NH2(aq) + HCl(aq) → CH3CH2NH3+(aq) + Cl¯(aq) b) Calcium hydroxide + Hydrofluoric acid Type of Reaction: WA/SB Balanced Chemical Equation: Ca(OH)2(aq) + 2HF(aq) → CaF2(aq) + 2H2O(l) c) Calcium hydroxide + Sodium phosphate Type of Reaction: PPT Balanced Chemical Equation: 3Ca(OH)2(aq) + 2Na3PO4(aq) → Ca3(PO4)2(s) + 6NaOH(aq) d) Silver sulfate + Barium chloride Type of Reaction: PPT Balanced Chemical Equation: Ag2SO4(aq) + BaCl2(aq) → 2AgCl(s) + BaSO4(s) e) Magnesium nitrate + Sodium chloride Type of Reaction: NR No reaction occurs, the given reactant ions stay in the aqueous solution.

Step-by-step solution

(a) Reaction Identification

In this reaction, we have ethylamine (\(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\mathrm{CH}_{2}\mathrm{NH}_{2}\)) and HCl. Ethylamine is a weak base and HCl is a strong acid. Hence, this is a SA/WB (strong acid-weak base) reaction. Now let's balance the chemical equation.

(a) Balanced Chemical Equation

The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is: \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{NH}_{2}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{NH}_{3}^{+}\mathrm{Cl}^{-}(\mathrm{aq})\)

(b) Reaction Identification

In this reaction, we have calcium hydroxide (\(\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\)) and hydrofluoric acid (HF). Calcium hydroxide is a strong base and hydrofluoric acid is a weak acid. Hence, this is a WA/SB (weak acid-strong base) reaction. Now let's balance the chemical equation.

(b) Balanced Chemical Equation

The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is: \(\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}(\mathrm{aq})+2\mathrm{HF}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow \mathrm{CaF}_{2}(\mathrm{aq})+2\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l})\)

(c) Reaction Identification

In this reaction, we have calcium hydroxide (\(\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\)) and sodium phosphate (\(\mathrm{Na}_{3}\mathrm{PO}_{4}\)). This reaction could result in the formation of a precipitate. This is a PPT (precipitation) reaction. Now let's balance the chemical equation.

(c) Balanced Chemical Equation

The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is: \(3\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}(\mathrm{aq})+2\mathrm{Na}_{3}\mathrm{PO}_{4}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow \mathrm{Ca}_{3}(\mathrm{PO}_{4})_{2}(\mathrm{s})+6\mathrm{NaOH}(\mathrm{aq})\)

(d) Reaction Identification

In this reaction, we have silver sulfate (\(\mathrm{Ag}_{2}\mathrm{SO}_{4}\)) and barium chloride (\(\mathrm{BaCl}_{2}\)). This reaction could result in the formation of a precipitate. This is a PPT (precipitation) reaction. Now let's balance the chemical equation.

(d) Balanced Chemical Equation

The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is: \(\mathrm{Ag}_{2}\mathrm{SO}_{4}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{BaCl}_{2}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow 2\mathrm{AgCl}(\mathrm{s})+\mathrm{BaSO}_{4}(\mathrm{s})\)

(e) Reaction Identification

In this reaction, we have magnesium nitrate (\(\mathrm{Mg}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\)) and sodium chloride (NaCl). Looking at the possible products, we can see that no precipitate is expected to form and no acid-base reaction is occurring. Hence, this is a NR (No Reaction) case. The given reactant ions do not interact with each other and stay in the aqueous solution.