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Chapter 11: Q11.4-27E (page 647)

What is the microscopic explanation for the macroscopic behaviour illustrated in the figure?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Oil and water are two immiscible liquids because they have different properties such as viscosity and surface tension.

Step by step solution

01

Immiscible Liquids

Immiscible liquid can be defined as two liquids that cannot mix into each other to any extent. The property of both liquids has different properties.

02

Microscopic Explanation

Immiscible liquids do not mix into each other because of the different physical and chemical properties such asviscosity and surface tension. These properties depend upon the concentration of the solution. The best example of the immiscible is oil and water which have different properties in terms of density and viscosity. The water is denser than oil, that is why oil floats over water.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Explain the cleansing action of soap.

Question: The vapor pressure of methanol, \({\bf{C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{3}}}{\bf{OH}}\) , is 94 tor at 20 °C. The vapor pressure of ethanol,\({{\bf{C}}_{\bf{2}}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{5}}}{\bf{OH}}\) , is 44 tor at the same temperature.

(a) Calculate the mole fraction of methanol and of ethanol in a solution of 50.0 g of methanol and 50.0 g of ethanol.

(b) Ethanol and methanol form a solution that behaves like an ideal solution. Calculate the vapor pressure of methanol and of ethanol above the solution at 20 °C.

(c) Calculate the mole fraction of methanol and of ethanol in the vapor above the solution.

Calculate the mole fraction of each solute and solvent:

  1. 0.710 kg of sodium carbonate (washing soda), \({\bf{N}}{{\bf{a}}_{\bf{2}}}{\bf{C}}{{\bf{O}}_{\bf{3}}}\), in 10.0 kg of water—a saturated solution at 0 °C
  2. 125 g of \({\bf{N}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{4}}}{\bf{N}}{{\bf{O}}_{\bf{3}}}\)in 275 g of water—a mixture used to make an instant ice pack
  3. 25 g of \({\bf{C}}{{\bf{l}}_{\bf{2}}}\)in 125 g of dichloromethane, \({\bf{C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{2}}}{\bf{C}}{{\bf{l}}_{\bf{2}}}\)
  4. 0.372 g of histamine, \({{\bf{C}}_{\bf{5}}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{9}}}{\bf{N}}\), in 125 g of chloroform, \({\bf{CHC}}{{\bf{l}}_{\bf{3}}}\).

What is the boiling point of a solution of 9.04 g of \({\bf{I_2}}\)in 75.5 g of benzene, assuming the \({\bf{I_2}}\)is non-volatile?

  1. Outline the steps necessary to answer the question.
  2. Answer the question.

A solution contains 5.00 g of urea, \({\bf{CO}}{\left( {{\bf{N}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{2}}}} \right)_{\bf{2}}}\)(a non-volatile solute) and 0.100 kg of water. If the vapour pressure of pure water at 25 °C is 23.7 tor, what is the vapour pressure of the solution?
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