Chapter 10: Q76E. (page 592)
Describe the crystal structure of Pt, which crystallizes with four equivalent metal atoms in a cubic unit cell
The crystal structure of Pt is face centered cubic structure.
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Identify the type of crystalline solid (metallic, network covalent, ionic, or molecular) formed by each of the following substances:
\(\begin{array}{l}{\rm{(a)CaC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{2}}}\\{\rm{(b)SiC}}\\{\rm{(c)}}{{\rm{N}}_{\rm{2}}}\\{\rm{(d)Fe}}\\{\rm{(e)C(graphite)}}\\{\rm{(f)C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}\\{\rm{(g)HCl}}\\{\rm{(h)N}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{4}}}{\rm{N}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}\\{\rm{(i)}}{{\rm{K}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{P}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{4}}}\end{array}\)
It is often recommended that you let your car engine run idle to warm up before driving, especially on cold winter days. While the benefit of prolonged idling is dubious, it is certainly true that a warm engine is more fuel efficient than a cold one. Explain the reason for this.
Explain why ice, which is a crystalline solid, has a melting temperature of 0 °C, whereas butter, which is an amorphous solid, softens over a range of temperatures.
Elemental carbon has one gas phase, one liquid phase, and two different solid phases, as shown in the phase diagram
(a) On the phase diagram, label the gas and liquid regions.
(b) Graphite is the most stable phase of carbon at normal conditions. On the phase diagram, label the graphite phase.
(c) If graphite at normal conditions is heated to 2500 K while the pressure is increased to 1010 Pa, it is converted into diamond. Label the diamond phase.
(d) Circle each triple point on the phase diagram.
(e) In what phase does carbon exist at 5000 K and 108 Pa?
(f) If the temperature of a sample of carbon increases from 3000 K to 5000 K at a constant pressure of 106 Pa, which phase transition occurs, if any?
Proteins are chains of amino acids that can form in a variety of arrangements, one of which is a helix. What kind of IMF is responsible for holding the protein strand in this shape? On the protein image, show the locations of the IMFs that hold the protein together:
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