Chapter 10: Q5E (page 583)
What is the evidence that all neutral atoms and molecules exert attractive forces on each other?
The attractive force between neutral atoms and molecules is evidence that they all exert attractive force.
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Question: In terms of their bulk properties, how do liquids and solids differ? How are they similar?
The melting point of H2O(s) is \({\rm{0}}\)°C. Would you expect the melting point of H2S(s) to be \({\rm{ - 8}}{{\rm{5}}^{\rm{^\circ }}}\)C, \({{\rm{0}}^{\rm{^\circ }}}\)C, or \({\rm{ - 18}}{{\rm{5}}^{\rm{o}}}\)C? Explain your answer.
At 20.0 °C, the vapor pressure of ethanol is 5.95 kPa, and at 63.5 °C, its vapor pressure is 53.3 kPa. Use this information to estimate the enthalpy of vaporization for ethanol.
From the phase diagram for water determine the state of water at:
\(\begin{aligned}{\rm{(a)}}\,{\rm{3}}{{\rm{5}}^{\rm{^\circ }}}{\rm{C}}\,{\rm{and}}\,{\rm{85}}\,{\rm{kPa}}\\{\rm{(b) - 1}}{{\rm{5}}^{\rm{^\circ }}}{\rm{C}}\,{\rm{and}}\,{\rm{40}}\,{\rm{kPa}}\\{\rm{(c) - 1}}{{\rm{5}}^{\rm{^\circ }}}{\rm{C}}\,{\rm{and}}\,{\rm{0}}{\rm{.1}}\,{\rm{kPa}}\\{\rm{(d)7}}{{\rm{5}}^{\rm{^\circ }}}{\rm{C}}\,{\rm{and}}\,{\rm{3}}\,{\rm{kPa}}\\{\rm{(e)4}}{{\rm{0}}^{\rm{^\circ }}}{\rm{C}}\,{\rm{and}}\,{\rm{0}}{\rm{.1}}\,{\rm{kPa}}\\{\rm{(f)6}}{{\rm{0}}^{\rm{^\circ }}}{\rm{C}}\,{\rm{and}}\,{\rm{50}}\,{\rm{kPa}}\end{aligned}\)
Identify the type of crystalline solid (metallic, network covalent, ionic, or molecular) formed by each of the following substances:
\(\begin{array}{l}{\rm{(a)CaC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{2}}}\\{\rm{(b)SiC}}\\{\rm{(c)}}{{\rm{N}}_{\rm{2}}}\\{\rm{(d)Fe}}\\{\rm{(e)C(graphite)}}\\{\rm{(f)C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}\\{\rm{(g)HCl}}\\{\rm{(h)N}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{4}}}{\rm{N}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}\\{\rm{(i)}}{{\rm{K}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{P}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{4}}}\end{array}\)
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