Chapter 10: Q20E (page 585)
The density of liquid NH3 is\({\rm{0}}{\rm{.64}}\)g/mL; the density of gaseous NH3 at STP is\({\rm{0}}{\rm{.0007}}\)g/mL. Explain the difference between the densities of these two phases.
The density of liquid is greater than the density of gas.
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Explain why ice, which is a crystalline solid, has a melting temperature of 0 °C, whereas butter, which is an amorphous solid, softens over a range of temperatures.
As it cools, olive oil slowly solidifies and forms a solid over a range of temperatures. Which best describes the solid?
(a) ionic (b) covalent network (c) metallic (d) amorphous (e) molecular crystals
The boiling point of ethyl ether was measured to be 10 °C at a base camp on the slopes of Mount Everest. as shown to determine the approximate atmospheric pressure at the camp.
Figure 10.24 The boiling points of liquids are the temperatures at which their equilibrium vapor pressures equal the pressure of the surrounding atmosphere. Normal boiling points are those corresponding to a pressure of 1 atm (101.3
kPa.)
The surface tension and viscosity of water at several different temperatures are given in this table.
(a) As temperature increases, what happens to the surface tension of water? Explain why this occurs, in terms of molecular interactions and the effect of changing temperature.
(b) As temperature increases, what happens to the viscosity of water? Explain why this occurs, in terms of molecular interactions and the effect of changing temperature.
Aluminum (atomic radius \( = 1.43{A^o}\) ) crystallizes in a cubic closely packed structure. Calculate the edge length of the face-centered cubic unit cell and the density of aluminum.
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