Question

What phase changes will take place when water is subjected to varying pressure at a constant temperature of \({\rm{0}}{\rm{.00}}{{\rm{5}}^{\rm{o}}}{\rm{C}}\)? At \({\rm{4}}{{\rm{0}}^{\rm{o}}}{\rm{C}}\) ? At \({\rm{ - 4}}{{\rm{0}}^{\rm{o}}}{\rm{C}}\)?

Short answer

The phase changes will occur at \({\rm{ - 4}}{{\rm{0}}^{\rm{^\circ }}}{\rm{C}}\).

Step-by-step solution

Definition of liquid

One of the states of matter is the liquid state. Because the particles in a liquid are free to move, it lacks a defined form even while having a defined volume.

Finding phase change at \({\rm{0}}{\rm{.00}}{{\rm{5}}^{\rm{o}}}{\rm{C}}\)

Water at \({\rm{0}}{\rm{.00}}{{\rm{5}}^{\rm{^\circ }}}{\rm{C: - }}\)

At low pressures and \({\rm{0}}{\rm{.00}}{{\rm{5}}^{\rm{^\circ }}}{\rm{C}}\)_,water is a gas and as the pressure increases to \({\rm{4}}{\rm{.6}}\)torr, water becomes a solid. As the pressure increases still more, it becomes a liquid.

Finding phase change at \({\rm{4}}{{\rm{0}}^{\rm{o}}}{\rm{C}}\)

Water at \(40^\circ {\rm{C}}\) :

At low pressures and \(40^\circ {\rm{C}}\),water is in vapour state; and as the pressure increases to 75 torr, water becomes a liquid.

Finding phase change at \({\rm{ - 4}}{{\rm{0}}^{\rm{o}}}{\rm{C}}\)

Water at \({\rm{ - 4}}{{\rm{0}}^{\rm{^\circ }}}{\rm{C: - }}\)

At \({\rm{ - 4}}{{\rm{0}}^{\rm{^\circ }}}{\rm{C}}\), from a very high pressure to low pressure water goes from being a gas to being a solid. Therefore, the phase change occurs at \({\rm{ - 4}}{{\rm{0}}^{\rm{^\circ }}}{\rm{C}}\).