Chapter 12: Q85E. (page 716)
Based on the diagrams in Exercise 12.83, which of the reactions has the fastest rate? Which has the slowest rate?
Reactions (a) and (b) have the same rate.
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The rate constant for the rate of decomposition of \({{\bf{N}}_{\bf{2}}}{{\bf{O}}_{\bf{5}}}\)to\({\bf{NO}}\) and \({{\bf{O}}_{\bf{2}}}\)in the gas phase is 1.66 L/mol/s at 650 K and 7.39 L/mol/s at 700 K:
\({\bf{2}}{{\bf{N}}_{\bf{2}}}{{\bf{O}}_{\bf{5}}}{\bf{(g) - - - 4NO(g) + 3}}{{\bf{O}}_{\bf{2}}}{\bf{(g)}}\)
Assuming the kinetics of this reaction are consistent with the Arrhenius equation, calculate the activation energy for this decomposition.
In the PhET Reactions & Rates (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/16PHETreaction) interactive, use the “Many Collisions” tab to observe how multiple atoms and molecules interact under varying conditions. Select a molecule to pump into the chamber. Set the initial temperature and select the current amounts of each reactant. Select “Show bonds” under Options. How is the rate of the reaction affected by concentration and temperature?
Pure ozone decomposes slowly to oxygen,\({\bf{2}}{{\bf{O}}_{\bf{3}}}{\bf{(g)}} \to {\bf{3}}{{\bf{O}}_{\bf{2}}}{\bf{(g)}}\). Use the data provided in a graphical method and determine the order and rate constant of the reaction.
Time(hr) | 0 | 2.0x103 | 7.6x 104 | 1.00x104 | 1.23x104 | 1.43x104 | 1.70x104 |
(O3) (M) | 1.0x10-5 | 4.98x10-6 | 2.07x10-6 | 1.66x10-6 | 1.39x10-6 | 1.22x10-6 | 1.05x10-6 |
Compare the functions of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts.
For the past 10 years, the unsaturated hydrocarbon 1,3-butadiene \(\left( {{\bf{C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{2}}}{\bf{ = CH - CH = C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{2}}}} \right)\) has ranked 38th among the top 50 industrial chemicals. It is used primarily for the manufacture of synthetic rubber. An isomer exists also as cyclobutene:
The isomerization of cyclobutene to butadiene is first-order, and the rate constant has been measured as \({\bf{2}}{\bf{.0 \times 1}}{{\bf{0}}^{{\bf{ - 4}}}}{{\bf{s}}^{{\bf{ - 1}}}}\) at 150 \({\bf{^\circ C}}\) in a 0.53-L flask. Determine the partial pressure of cyclobutene and its concentration after 30.0 minutes if an isomerization reaction is carried out at 150 \({\bf{^\circ C}}\) with an initial pressure of 55 torr.
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