Question

Write the mathematical expression for the reaction quotient\({Q_C}\), for each of the following reactions:

(a) \(C{H_4}(g) + C{l_2} \rightleftharpoons C{H_3}CI(g) + HCI(g)\)

(b) \({N_2}(g) + {O_2}(g) \rightleftharpoons 2NO(g)\)

(c) \(2S{O_2}(\;g) + {O_2}(\;g)\rightleftharpoons 2S{O_3}(\;g)\)

(d) \(BaS{O_3}(s)\rightleftharpoons BaO(s) + S{O_2}(g)\)

(e) \({P_4}(g) + 5{O_2}(g)\rightleftharpoons {P_4}{O_{10}}(s)\)

(f) \(B{r_2}(\;g)\rightleftharpoons 2Br(g)\)

(g) \(C{H_4}(g) + 2{O_2}(g)\rightleftharpoons C{O_2}(g) + 2{H_2}O(l)\)

(h) \(CuS{O_4} \times 5{H_2}O(s)\rightleftharpoons CuS{O_4}(s) + 5{H_2}O(g)\)

Short answer

1. The required quotient is \({Q_c} = \left( {C{H_3}Cl(g)} \right)(HCl(g))/\left( {C{H_4}(\;g)} \right)\left( {C{l_2}(\;g)} \right)\)
2. The required quotient is \({Q_c} = {(NO(g))^2}/(NO(g))\left( {{O_2}(\;g)} \right)\)
3. The required quotient is \({Q_c} = {\left( {S{O_3}(\;g)} \right)^2}/{\left( {S{O_2}(\;g)} \right)^2}\left( {{O_2}(\;g)} \right)\)
4. The required quotient is \({Q_c} = \left( {S{O_2}(\;g)} \right)\)
5. The required quotient is \({Q_c} = 1/\left( {{P_4}(\;g)} \right){\left( {{O_2}(\;g)} \right)^5}\)
6. The required quotient is \(Qc = {\left( {B{r^ - }(g)} \right)^2}/\left( {B{r_2}(\;g)} \right)\)
7. The required quotient is \({Q_c} = \left( {C{O_2}(\;g)} \right){\left( {{H_2}O())} \right)^2}/\left( {C{H_4}(\;g)} \right){\left( {{O_2}(\;g)} \right)^2}\)
8. The required quotient is \({Q_c} = {\left( {{H_2}O(g)} \right)^5}\)

Step-by-step solution

Definition of reaction quotient 

• The reaction quotient Q is a measure of how many products and reactants are present in a reaction at any given moment.

Determine the quotient for \(C{H_4}(g) + C{l_2} \rightleftharpoons C{H_3}CI(g) + HCI(g)\)

(a)

For the reaction, a mathematical expression of the reaction quotient is given \(C{H_4}(g) + C{l_2}(g) \rightleftharpoons C{H_3}Cl(g) + HCl(g)\). It has to be written.

The reaction quotient is the ratio of product to reactant concentrations.

\({Q_c} = \left( {C{H_3}Cl(g)} \right)(HCl(g))/\left( {C{H_4}(\;g)} \right)\left( {C{l_2}(\;g)} \right)\)

\(C{H_4}(\;g) + C{l_2}(\;g) \rightleftharpoons C{H_3}Cl(g) + HCl(g)\)

The reaction quotient is the ratio of product to reactant concentrations.

\({Q_c} = \left( {C{H_3}Cl(g)} \right)(HCl(g))/\left( {C{H_4}(\;g)} \right)\left( {C{l_2}(\;g)} \right)\)

The reactants in this reaction are

\(C{H_4}(\;g) \backslash \& C{l_2}(\;g) and products are C{H_3}Cl(g) \backslash \& HCl(g)\).

\( So {Q_c} = \left( {C{H_3}Cl(g)} \right)(HCl(g))/\left( {C{H_4}(\;g)} \right)\left( {C{l_2}(\;g)} \right)\)

The required quotient is \({Q_c} = \left( {C{H_3}Cl(g)} \right)(HCl(g))/\left( {C{H_4}(\;g)} \right)\left( {C{l_2}(\;g)} \right)\)

Determine the quotient for \({N_2}(g) + {O_2}(g) \rightleftharpoons  2NO(g)\)

(b)

For the reaction, a mathematical expression of the reaction quotient is given It has to be written \(2S{O_2}(\;g) + {O_2}(\;g) \rightleftharpoons 2S{O_3}(\;g)\).

The reaction quotient is the ratio of product to reactant concentrations.

\({Q_c} = {(NO(g))^2}/(NO(g))\left( {{O_2}(\;g)} \right)\)

\(2S{O_2}(\;g) + {O_2}(\;g)\rightleftharpoons 2S{O_3}(\;g)\)

The reactants in this reaction are\({N_2}(\;g) {O_2}(\;g)\)and product is\(NO(g).\)

\( So {Q_c} = {(NO(\;g))^2}/(NO(\;g))\left( {{O_2}(\;g)} \right)\)

The required quotient is \({Q_c} = {(NO(g))^2}/(NO(g))\left( {{O_2}(\;g)} \right)\)

Determine the quotient for \(2S{O_2}(\;g) + {O_2}(\;g)  \rightleftharpoons  2S{O_3}(\;g)\)

(c)

For the reaction, a mathematical expression of the reaction quotient is given \(2S{O_2}(\;g) + {O_2}(\;g) \rightleftharpoons 2S{O_3}(\;g)\). It has to be written.

The reaction quotient is the ratio of product to reactant concentrations.

\({Q_c} = {\left( {S{O_3}(\;g)} \right)^2}/{\left( {S{O_2}(\;g)} \right)^2}\left( {{O_2}(\;g)} \right)\)

\(2S{O_2}(\;g) + {O_2}(\;g)\rightleftharpoons 2S{O_3}(\;g)\)

The reactants in this reaction are\(S{O_2}(\;g) {O_2}(\;g)\)and product is\(S{O_3}(\;g).\)

\( So {Q_c} = {\left( {S{O_3}(\;g)} \right)^2}/{\left( {S{O_2}(\;g)} \right)^2}\left( {{O_2}(\;g)} \right)\)

The required quotient is \({Q_c} = {\left( {S{O_3}(\;g)} \right)^2}/{\left( {S{O_2}(\;g)} \right)^2}\left( {{O_2}(\;g)} \right)\)

Determine the quotient for  \(BaS{O_3}(s) \rightleftharpoons  BaO(s) + S{O_2}(g)\)

(d)

For the reaction, a mathematical expression of the reaction quotient is given \(BaS{O_3}(\;s) \rightleftharpoons BaO(s) + S{O_2}(\;g)\). It has to be written.

The reaction quotient is the ratio of product to reactant concentrations.

\({Q_c} = \left( {S{O_2}(\;g)} \right)\)

\(BaS{O_3}(\;s) \rightleftharpoons BaO(s) + S{O_2}(\;g)\)

The reactants in this reaction are\(BaS{O_3}(s)\)Because active mass is solid, it is regarded as a single unit, therefore products are\(BaO(s) S{O_2}(\;g).\) Out of all of these,\(BaO(s)\)Because of its solid character, it exhibits active mass unity.

\( So {Q_c} = \left( {S{O_2}(\;g)} \right)\)

The required quotient is \({Q_c} = \left( {S{O_2}(\;g)} \right)\)

Determine the quotient for \({P_4}(g) + 5{O_2}(g){P_4}{O_{10}}(s)\)

(e)

For the reaction, a mathematical expression of the reaction quotient is given \({P_4}(\;g) + 5{O_2}(\;g) \rightleftharpoons {P_4}{O_{10}}(\;s)\) It has to be written.

\({Q_c} = 1/\left( {{P_4}(\;g)} \right){\left( {{O_2}(\;g)} \right)^5}\)

\({P_4}(\;g) + 5{O_2}(\;g) \rightleftharpoons {P_4}{O_{10}}(\;s)\)

The reactants in this reaction are\({P_4}(\;g) {O_2}\)(g) and product is\({P_4}{O_{10}}(\;s)\)Because of its solid character, it exhibits active mass unity.

\( So {Q_c} = 1/\left( {{P_4}(\;g)} \right){\left( {{O_2}(\;g)} \right)^5}\)

The required quotient is \({Q_c} = 1/\left( {{P_4}(\;g)} \right){\left( {{O_2}(\;g)} \right)^5}\)

Determine the quotient for \(B{r_2}(\;g) \rightleftharpoons  2Br(g)\)

(f)

For the reaction, a mathematical expression of the reaction quotient is given \(B{r_2}(g) \rightleftharpoons 2B{r^ - }(g)\) . It has to be written.

The reaction quotient is the ratio of product to reactant concentrations.

\(Qc = {\left( {B{r^ - }(g)} \right)^2}/\left( {B{r_2}(\;g)} \right)\)

\(B{r_2}(g) \rightleftharpoons 2B{r^ - }(g)\)

The reactant in this reaction is\(B{r_2}(\;g)\)and the final product is\(B{r^ - }(g).\)

So\(Qc = {\left( {B{r^ - }(g)} \right)^2}/\left( {B{r_2}(\;g)} \right)\)

The required quotient is \(Qc = {\left( {B{r^ - }(g)} \right)^2}/\left( {B{r_2}(\;g)} \right)\)

Determine the quotient for \(C{H_4}(g) + 2{O_2}(g) \rightleftharpoons  C{O_2}(g) + 2{H_2}O(l)\)

(g)

For the reaction, a mathematical expression of the reaction quotient is given \(C{H_4}(\;g) + 2{O_2}(\;g) \rightleftharpoons C{O_2}(\;g) + 2{H_2}O(l)\) It has to be written.

The reaction quotient is the ratio of product to reactant concentrations.

\({Q_c} = \left( {C{O_2}(\;g)} \right){\left( {{H_2}O())} \right)^2}/\left( {C{H_4}(\;g)} \right){\left( {{O_2}(\;g)} \right)^2}\)

\(C{H_4}(\;g) + 2{O_2}(\;g) \rightleftharpoons C{O_2}(\;g) + 2{H_2}O(l)\)

The reactant in this reaction is\(C{H_4}(\;g) {O_2}(\;g)\)as well as items\(C{O_2}(\;g) {H_2}O(l).\)\( So {Q_c} = \left( {C{O_2}(\;g)} \right){\left( {{H_2}O(l)} \right)^2}/\left( {C{H_4}(\;g)} \right){\left( {{O_2}(\;g)} \right)^2}\)

The required quotient is \({Q_c} = \left( {C{O_2}(\;g)} \right){\left( {{H_2}O())} \right)^2}/\left( {C{H_4}(\;g)} \right){\left( {{O_2}(\;g)} \right)^2}\)

Determine the quotient for \(CuS{O_4} \times 5{H_2}O(s) \rightleftharpoons  CuS{O_4}(s) + 5{H_2}O(g)\)

(h)

For the reaction, a mathematical expression of the reaction quotient is given \(CuS{O_4}.5{H_2}O(s) \rightleftharpoons CuS{O_4}(\;s) + 5{H_2}O(g)\) It has to be written.

The reaction quotient is the ratio of product to reactant concentrations.

\({Q_c} = {\left( {{H_2}O(g)} \right)^5}\)

\(CuS{O_4}.5{H_2}O(s) \rightleftharpoons CuS{O_4}(\;s) + 5{H_2}O(g)\)

The reactant in this reaction is\(CuS{O_4} \times 5{H_2}O(s)\)due to the solid form of the product, it has active mass unity\({H_2}O(g)\).

\( So {Q_c} = {\left( {{H_2}O(g)} \right)^5}\)

The required quotient is \({Q_c} = {\left( {{H_2}O(g)} \right)^5}\)