Question

What is the effect on the amount of\(CaHP{O_4}\) that dissolves and the concentrations of \(C{a^{2 + }}\;and\;HPO_4^ - \)when each of the following are added to a mixture of solid \(CaHP{O_4}\)and water at equilibrium?

\(\;(a)\;CaC{l_2}\)

\(\;(b)\;HCl\)

\(\;(c)\;KCl{O_4}\)

\(\;(d)\;NaOH\)

\(\;(e)\;CaHP{O_4}\)

Short answer

The amount of \({\rm{CaHP}}{{\rm{O}}_4}\)and concentration of \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{a}}^{2 + }}\) increases, and the concentration of \({\rm{HP}}{{\rm{O}}_4}^{2 - }\) decreases

Step-by-step solution

Define CaCl2

Calcium chloride is an inorganic compound, a salt with the chemical formula\({\rm{CaC}}{{\rm{l}}_2}\). It is a white crystalline solid at room temperature, and it is highly soluble in water. It can be created by neutralizing hydrochloric acid with calcium hydroxide.

Concentration of increases and decreases

Since\({\rm{C}}{{\rm{a}}^{2 + }}\)is added, equilibrium will shift to the left, hence, the amount of\({\rm{CaHP}}{{\rm{O}}_4}\)and concentration of\({\rm{C}}{{\rm{a}}^{2 + }}\)increases, and the concentration of\({\rm{HP}}{{\rm{O}}_4}^{2 - }\)decreases.

\(\;(b)\;HCl\)

Answer:

The amount of \({\rm{CaHP}}{{\rm{O}}_4}\)and concentration of \({\rm{HP}}{{\rm{O}}_4}^{2 - }\)decreases, and the concentration of \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{a}}^{2 + }}\)increases

Define HCl

Hydrochloric acid \(\left[ {{{\rm{H}}^ + }{\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}^ - }{\rm{or\;}}{{\rm{H}}_3}{{\rm{O}}^ + }{\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}^ - }} \right]\)also known as muriatic acid, is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride. It is a colorless solution with a distinctive pungent smell. It is classified as a strong acid. It is a component of the gastric acid in the digestive systems of most animal species, including humans

Ions reacts

\({{\rm{H}}^ + }\)ions react with\({\rm{H}}{{\rm{P}}^2}{{\rm{O}}_4}^2\)ions, to produce\({{\rm{H}}_3}{\rm{P}}{{\rm{O}}_4}\).

Hence, the concentration of\({\rm{HP}}{{\rm{O}}_4}^{2 - }\)decreases. That causes the equilibrium to shift to the right, and the concentration of\({\rm{C}}{{\rm{a}}^{2 + }}\)increases, and the amount of\({\rm{CaHP}}{{\rm{O}}_4}\)decreases.

\(\;(c)\;KCl{O_4}\)

Answer:

No change in amount of \({\rm{CaHP}}{{\rm{O}}_4}\), and concentrations of\({\rm{C}}{{\rm{a}}^{2 + }}\), and \({\rm{HP}}{{\rm{O}}_4}^{2 - }\)

Define KCIO4

Potassium perchlorate is an inorganic salt with the chemical formula KClO4. It is a strong oxidizer with the lowest solubility of the alkali metal perchlorates. Potassium is most commonly used in flares and automobile airbags.

This salt does not contain common ions

Since this salt does not contain common ions, there will be no change in amount of\({\rm{CaHP}}{{\rm{O}}_4}\), and concentrations of\({\rm{C}}{{\rm{a}}^{2 + }}\), and\({\rm{HP}}{{\rm{O}}_4}^{2 - }\).

\(\;(d)\;NaOH\)

Answer:

The amount of \({\rm{CaHP}}{{\rm{O}}_4}\)and concentration of \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{a}}^{2 + }}\)decreases, and the concentration of \({\rm{HP}}{{\rm{O}}_4}^{2 - }\) increases

Define NaOH

Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye and caustic soda, is an inorganic compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white solid ionic compound consisting of sodium cations Na⁺ and hydroxide anions OH⁻.

That causes the equilibrium to shift to the right

Here, we have addition of\({\rm{O}}{{\rm{H}}^ - }\)ions.\({\rm{O}}{{\rm{H}}^ - }\)ions reacts with\({\rm{C}}{{\rm{a}}^{2 + }}\)ions, to produce\(Ca{(OH)_2}\).

\(\;(e)\;CaHP{O_4}\)

Answer:

The concentration of\({\rm{C}}{{\rm{a}}^{2 + }}\), and \({\rm{HPO}}_4^{2 - }\)remain the same, but the amount of \({\rm{CaHP}}{{\rm{O}}_4}\) increases

Define CaHPO4

Dicalcium phosphate is the calcium phosphate with the formula \({\rm{CaHP}}{{\rm{O}}_4}\) and its dihydrate. The "di" prefix in the common name arises because the formation of the HPO₄2– anion involves the removal of two protons from phosphoric acid, H₃PO₄. It is also known as dibasic calcium phosphate or calcium monohydrogen phosphate.

The amount of increases.

When \({\rm{CaHP}}{{\rm{O}}_4}\)is added, the concentration of\({\rm{C}}{{\rm{a}}^{2 + }}\), and \({\rm{HPO}}_4^{2 - }\)remain the same, but the amount of \({\rm{CaHP}}{{\rm{O}}_4}\)increases.