Question

Which of the following molecules have dipole moments?

1. \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{S}}_{\rm{2}}}\)
2. \({\rm{Se}}{{\rm{S}}_{\rm{2}}}\)
3. \({\rm{CC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{\;}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}\)
4. \({\rm{PC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{(P is the central atom)}}\)
5. \({\rm{ClNO (N is the central atom)}}\)

Short answer

The \({\rm{Se}}{{\rm{S}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{,CC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{\;}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{,PC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{ and CINO}}\) have moments of dipole.

Step-by-step solution

Concept Introduction

A dipole moment occurs in any system which have separation of charges. Therefore it can arise in ionic bonds as well as in covalent bonds.

Find molecules have dipole moments of \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{S}}_{\rm{2}}}\)

a.

There is no dipole moment in \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{S}}_{\rm{2}}}\)because it is linear.

Find molecules have dipole moments of \({\rm{Se}}{{\rm{S}}_{\rm{2}}}\)

b. \({\rm{Se}}{{\rm{S}}_{\rm{2}}}\)is bent. As a result, there is an overall dipole moment.

Find molecules have dipole moments of \({\rm{CC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{\;}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}\)

c. The dipoles of the CCl and CF bonds are not totally cancelled, hence they are not balanced. It possesses a dipole moment as a result.

Find molecules have dipole moments of \({\rm{PC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{3}}}\)

d.

\({\rm{PC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{3}}}\)Is a trigonal pyramidal structure. The dipoles of the bonds do not cancel due to this form, thus there is an overall dipole moment

Find molecules have dipole moments of \({\rm{ClNO}}\)

e. A dipole moment is created when the CINO molecule is bent.