Question

Which of these molecules and ions contain polar bonds? Which of these molecules and ions have dipole moments?

1. \({{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}{{\rm{O}}^{\rm{ + }}}\)
2. \({\rm{PC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{4}}}^{\rm{ - }}\)
3. \({\rm{SnCl}}_{\rm{3}}^{\rm{ - }}\)
4. \({\rm{BrCl}}_{\rm{4}}^{\rm{ - }}\)
5. \({\rm{IC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{3}}}\)
6. \({\rm{Xe}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{4}}}\)
7. \({\rm{S}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}\)

Short answer

Polar bonding can be found in all of these compounds and ions\({{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}{{\rm{O}}^{\rm{ + }}}{\rm{,PCl}}_{\rm{4}}^{\rm{ - }}{\rm{, and S}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm { have dipole moments}} {\rm{.}}\)

Step-by-step solution

Concept Introduction

Various substances includes bonds that are intermediate in character i.e; between pure covalent and pure ionic bonds. Here, polar bonds occur when one of the elements attracts the shared electrons much stringly than the other one.

Find the molecules and ions contain polar bonds

Polar bonding can be found in all of these compounds and ions\({{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}{{\rm{O}}^{\rm{ + }}}{\rm{,PCl}}_{\rm{4}}^{\rm{ - }}{\rm{, and S}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{ have dipole moments}}{\rm{.}}\)