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Chapter 7: Q70E (page 400)

Question: Using the standard enthalpy of formation data in Appendix G, calculate the bond energy of the carbon-sulphur double bond in \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{S}}_{\rm{2}}}\).

Short Answer

Expert verified

Using the standard enthalpy of formation of \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{S}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{(g)}}\), the bond energy is determined as \({\rm{578}}{\rm{.7\;kJ}}\).

Step by step solution

01

Concept Introduction

Bond energy, also known as mean bond enthalpy or average bond enthalpy in chemistry, is a measure of the bond strength.It is the energy needed to dissociate the bonds into atoms.

02

Reactions and their Enthalpy

The reactions with their enthalpy values are –

\(\begin{array}{*{20}{l}}{{\rm{C}}{{\rm{S}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{(g)}} \to {\rm{C( graphite ) + 2\;S(s)}}}&{{\rm{\Delta H}}_{\rm{1}}^{\rm{^\circ }}{\rm{ = \Delta H}}_{{\rm{f}}\left( {{\rm{C}}{{\rm{S}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{(g)}}} \right)}^{\rm{^\circ }}}\\{{\rm{C(graphite)}} \to {\rm{C(g)}}}&{{\rm{\Delta H}}_{\rm{2}}^{\rm{^\circ }}{\rm{ = \Delta H}}_{{\rm{f(Cl)(g))}}}^{\rm{^\circ }}}\\{{\rm{2\;S(s)}} \to {\rm{2\;S(9)}}}&{{\rm{2\Delta H}}_{\rm{3}}^{\rm{^\circ }}{\rm{ = 2\Delta H}}_{{\rm{f(S(g))}}}^{\rm{^\circ }}}\end{array}\)

03

Bond Energy Calculation

The net reaction is –

\({\rm{C}}{{\rm{S}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{(g)}} \to {\rm{C(graphite) + 2\;S(g)}}\;\)

\(\begin{array}{c}{\rm{\Delta H}}_{{\rm{298}}}^{\rm{^\circ }}{\rm{ = \Delta }}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{1}}}^{\rm{^\circ }}{\rm{ + \Delta H}}_{\rm{2}}^{\rm{^\circ }}{\rm{ + 2\Delta }}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}^{\rm{^\circ }}\\{{\rm{D}}_{{\rm{C}}{{\rm{S}}_{\rm{2}}}}}{\rm{ = \Delta }}{{\rm{H}}^{\rm{^\circ }}}_{{\rm{298}}}{\rm{ = - \Delta }}{{\rm{H}}^{\rm{^\circ }}}_{{\rm{f}}\left( {{\rm{C}}{{\rm{S}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{(g)}}} \right)}{\rm{ + \Delta H}}_{{\rm{f(C(g))}}}^{\rm{^\circ }}{\rm{ + 2\Delta }}{{\rm{H}}^{\rm{^\circ }}}_{{\rm{f(S(g))}}}\end{array}\)

The bond energy is calculated as –

\(\begin{array}{c}{{\rm{D}}_{{\rm{C}}{{\rm{S}}_{\rm{2}}}}}{\rm{ = - 116}}{\rm{.9 + 716}}{\rm{.681 + 2(278}}{\rm{.81)}}\\{\rm{ = 1157}}{\rm{.4\;kJ}}{{\rm{D}}_{{\rm{C = S}}}}\\{\rm{ = }}\frac{{{\rm{1157}}{\rm{.4}}}}{{\rm{2}}}\\{\rm{ = 578}}{\rm{.7\;kJ}}\end{array}\)

Therefore, the value for bond energy is \({\rm{578}}{\rm{.7\;kJ}}\).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Use the Molecule Shape simulator (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/16MolecShape) to explore real molecules. On the Real Molecules tab, select “model” mode and S2O. What is the model bond angle? Explain whether the “real” bond angle should be larger or smaller than the ideal model angle.

Write resonance forms describing the distribution of electrons in each molecule or ion.

a) selenium dioxide, \({\rm{OSeO}}\)

(b) nitrate ion, \({\rm{NO}}_{\rm{3}}^{\rm{ - }}\)

(c) nitric acid, \({\rm{HN}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}\) (\({\rm{N}}\) is bonded to an \({\rm{OH}}\) group and two \({\rm{O}}\) atoms)

(d) benzene, \({{\rm{C}}_{\rm{6}}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{6}}}\):

(e) the formate ion:

Which compound in each of the following pairs has the larger lattice energy? Note: \({\rm{M}}{{\rm{g}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}\) and \({\rm{L}}{{\rm{i}}^{\rm{ + }}}\) have similar radii; \({{\rm{O}}^{{\rm{2 - }}}}\) and \({{\rm{F}}^{\rm{ - }}}\) have similar radii. Explain your choices.

(a) \({\rm{MgO}}\) or \({\rm{MgSe}}\)

(b) \({\rm{LiF}}\) or \({\rm{MgO}}\)

(c) \({\rm{L}}{{\rm{i}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{O}}\) or \({\rm{LiCl}}\)

(d) \({\rm{L}}{{\rm{i}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{Se}}\) or \({\rm{MgO}}\)

A molecule with the formula\({\rm{A}}{{\rm{B}}_{\rm{3}}}\), in which A and B represent different atoms, could have one of three different shapes. Sketch and name the three different shapes that this molecule might have. Give an example of a molecule or ion that has each shape.

The lattice energy of \({\rm{LiF}}\) is \({\rm{1023 kJ/mol}}\), and the \({\rm{Li - F}}\) distance is \({\rm{201 pm}}\). \({\rm{MgO}}\) crystallizes in the same structure as \({\rm{LiF}}\) but with a \({\rm{Mg - O}}\) distance of \({\rm{205 pm}}\). Which of the following values most closely approximates the lattice energy of \({\rm{MgO}}\): \({\rm{256 kJ/mol, 512 kJ/mol, 1023 kJ/mol, 2046 kJ/mol,}}\) or \({\rm{4008 kJ/mol}}\)? Explain your choice.
See all solutions

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