Chapter 8: Q34E (page 450)
If molecular orbitals are created by combining five atomic orbitals from atom A and five atomic orbitals from atom B combine, how many molecular orbitals will result?
Ten molecular orbitals will result.
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Predict the valence electron molecular orbital configurations for the following, and state whether they will be stable or unstable ions.
(a) \({\rm{N}}{{\rm{a}}_{\rm{2}}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}\)
(b) \({\rm{M}}{{\rm{g}}_{\rm{2}}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}\)
(c) \({\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{2}}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}\)
(d) \({\rm{S}}{{\rm{i}}_{\rm{2}}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}\)
(e) \({\rm{P}}_{\rm{2}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}\)
(f) \({{\rm{S}}_{\rm{2}}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}\)
(g) \({{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}\)
(h) \({\rm{A}}{{\rm{r}}_{\rm{2}}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}\)
Describe the molecular geometry and hybridization of the N, P, or S atoms in each of the following compounds. (a) \({{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{P}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{4}}}\), phosphoric acid, used in cola soft drinks (b) \({\rm{N}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{4}}}{\rm{N}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}\) , ammonium nitrate, a fertilizer and explosive (c) \({{\rm{S}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{2}}}\), disulfur dichloride, used in vulcanizing rubber (d) \({{\rm{K}}_{\rm{4}}}{\rm{[}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{POP}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{]}}\), potassium pyrophosphate, an ingredient in some toothpastes
Using the MO diagrams, predict the bond order for the stronger bond in each pair:
B2or B2+
F2orF2+
O2 or O22+
C2+or C2-
For the molecule allene, \({{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{C = C = C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}\) , give the hybridization of each carbon atom. Will the hydrogen atoms be in the same plane or perpendicular planes?
How many unpaired electrons would be present on a Be22- ion? Would it be paramagnetic or diamagnetic?
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