Question

Determine the shape, ideal bond angle(s), and the direction of any deviation from those angles for each of the following:

(a)${\mathbf{ClO}}_2^{-}$

(b)${\mathbf{PCl}}_5$

(c)${\mathbf{SeF}}_4$

(d)${\mathbf{KrF}}_4$

Short answer

The shapes and bond angles of molecules can be determined from the VSEPR theory. The deviations arise mainly due to lone pair-lone pair repulsions.

Step-by-step solution

 ClO2-

The shape of the molecule isbent, with an expected bond angle of $\mathbf{120}\mathbf{°}$. The presence of lone pair decreases the bond angle than the expected

Step 2:  PCl5

PCl₅has a structure of trigonal bipyramidal. The axial bonds have a bond angle of $\mathbf{180}\mathbf{°}$. The equatorial bonds have a bond angle of $\mathbf{120}\mathbf{°}$.

 SeF4

The selenium atom is sp³d hybridized with a see saw shape. The bond angles are $\mathbf{120}\mathbf{°}$and $\mathbf{90}\mathbf{°}$ ^.However, the bond angle may decrease due presence of lone pairs around the central atom.

Step 4: KrF4

The shape of the molecule islinear with bond angle of $\mathbf{180}\mathbf{°}$ . The lone pairs occupy the equatorial positions of the trigonal bipyramidal geometry.