Question

Each of the following balances weighs the indicated numbers of atoms of two elements:

Which element-left, right, or neither,
(a) Has the higher molar mass?
(b) Has more atoms per gram?
(c) Has fewer atoms per gram?
(d) Has more atoms per mole?

Short answer

The followingbalance weighs the indicated numbers of atoms of two elements

1. A-Left; B-Right; C-Left; D-Left
2. A-Right; B- Left; C- Right; D- Left
3. A-Left; B- Right; C-Left; D-Left
4. Avogadro's constantstates that they all have the same number of atoms per mole.

Step-by-step solution

Step 1: Relation between mass and mole of the substance

The mass of a substance made up of an equal number of fundamental units is defined as a mole.

Step 2: Determine the higher molar mass of the given elements

a)

i) The molar mass of the green (left) material is larger because there are fewer atoms in the same mass (5 green atoms vs. 6 yellow atoms).

ii) The molar mass of the blue (right) substance is larger because there are fewer atoms in the same mass (3 blue atoms vs. 6 red atoms).

iii) The orange (left) material has a higher molar mass since the mass of the same number of atoms is greater.

iv) The molar mass of the grey (left) substance is larger because there are fewer atoms in the same mass.

Step 3: Identify the elements having more atoms per gram

b)

i) The yellow (right) material contains more atoms per gram since its molar mass is lower.

ii) The red (left) substance has more atoms per gram than the blue (right) substance because the red substance has a lower molar mass.

iii) The purple (right) material contains more atoms per gram due to its lower molar mass.

iv) The red (right) substance has more atomsper gram because the molar mass of the red substance is less.

Step 4: Determine the elements having less number of atoms per gram

c)

i) Due to its larger molar mass, the grey (left) material has fewer atoms per gram.

ii) The blue (right) substance has fewer atoms per gram because the blue substance's molar mass is greater.

iii) Due to its larger molar mass, the orange (left) material has fewer atoms per gram.

iv) Because the blue substance has a higher molar mass, the grey (left) substance has fewer atoms per gram

Step 5: Determine the higher atoms per mole of the given elements

d)

Every material has the same amount of atoms per mole, according to Avogadro's constant.