Chapter 9: Q58P (page 375)
Using the periodic table only, arrange the elements in each set in order of increasing EN: (a) I, Br, N; (b) Ca, H, F
Electronegativity is defined as an atom's proclivity to attract the shared pair of electrons between the bonded atoms.
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Heats of reaction calculated from bond energies and from heats of formation are often, but not always, close to each other.
a) Industrial ethanol ( ) is produce by a catalytic reaction of ethylene ( ) with water at high pressure and temperatures. Calculate for this gas-phase hydration of ethylene to ethanol, using bond energies and then using heats of formation.
b) ethylene glycol is produced by the catalytic oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide, which then reacts with water to form ethylene glycol:
The for this hydrolysis step, based on heat of formation, is -97kJ/mol. Calculate for the hydrolysis using bond energies.
c) why are two values relatively close for the hydration in part (a) but not close for the hydrolysis in part(b).
What would be the formula for the simplest compound formed from (a) phosphorus and chlorine, (b) carbon and fluorine, and (c) iodine and chlorine?
Using the periodic table only, arrange the elements in each set in order of decreasing EN: (a) Br, Cl, P; (b) I, F, O
Use Figure 9.20, p. 364, to indicate the polarity of each bond with partial charges
(a) Br-Cl
(b) F-Cl
(c) H-O
(d) Se-H
(e) As-H
(f) S-N.
Rank the members of each set of compounds in order of increasing the ionic character of their bonds. Use polar arrows to indicate the bond polarity of each:
(a) HBr, HCl, HI
(b) H2O, CH4 , HF
(c) SCI2 , PCI3 , SiCI4
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