Question

Which of the following are Arrhenius bases?

(a) ${\mathbf{H}}_{\mathbf{3}}{\mathbf{AsO}}_{\mathbf{4}}$

(b)$\mathbf{Ba}{\mathbf{\left(}\mathbf{OH}\mathbf{\right)}}_{\mathbf{2}}$

(c) $\mathbf{HCIO}$

(d) $\mathbf{KOH}$

Short answer

(a)${\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{AsO}}_4$ is not an Arrhenius base but an Arrhenius acid as it produces${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$ ions.

(b)$\mathrm{Ba}{\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)}_4$ is an Arrhenius base as it produces${\mathrm{OH}}^{-}$ ions.

(c) $\mathrm{HCIO}$is not an Arrhenius base but an Arrhenius acid as it produces${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$ ions.

(d) $\mathrm{KOH}$is an Arrhenius base as it produces ${\mathrm{OH}}^{-}$ions.

Step-by-step solution

Concept Introduction

An Arrhenius base is a substance that raises the concentration of the${\mathbf{OH}}^{\mathbf{-}}$ion in an aqueous solution. Classic Arrhenius bases are ionic compounds containing the${\mathbf{OH}}^{\mathbf{-}}$ion.

Is H3AsO4an Arrhenius Base

(a)

The reaction for${\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{AsO}}_4$ is as follows –

${\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{AsO}}_4\mathrm{֏}{\mathrm{H}}^{+}+{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{AsO}}_4^{-}$

The dissociation of ${\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{AsO}}_4$in water produced a ${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$ion.

Therefore,${\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{AsO}}_4$ is not an Arrhenius base.

Is Ba(OH)4 an Arrhenius Base

(b)

The reaction for is as follows –

$\mathrm{Ba}{\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)}_4\mathrm{֏}{\mathrm{Ba}}^{2+}+2{\mathrm{OH}}^{-}$

The dissociation of$\mathrm{Ba}{\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)}_4$ in water produced${\mathrm{OH}}^{-}$ ions.

Therefore,$\mathrm{Ba}{\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)}_4$ is an Arrhenius base.

Step 4:Is HCIO an Arrhenius Base

(c)

The reaction for $\mathrm{HCIO}$is as follows –

$\mathrm{HCIO}\mathrm{֏}{\mathrm{H}}^{+}+{\mathrm{CIO}}^{-}$

The dissociation of $\mathrm{HCIO}$in water produced a ${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$ion.

Therefore, $\mathrm{HCIO}$is not an Arrhenius base.

Step 5:Is KOH an Arrhenius Base

(d)

The reaction for$\mathrm{KOH}$ is as follows –

$\mathrm{KOH}\mathrm{֏}{\mathrm{K}}^{+}+{\mathrm{OH}}^{-}$

The dissociation of $\mathrm{KOH}$in water produced a${\mathrm{OH}}^{-}$ ion.

Therefore, $\mathrm{KOH}$is an Arrhenius base.