Question

Describe the result of a double-replacement reaction.

Short answer

In a double-replacement reaction, two ionic compounds in aqueous solutions swap ions, forming two new ionic compounds as products. The general form of the reaction is \(\text{AB}(\text{aq}) + \text{CD}(\text{aq}) \rightarrow \text{AD} + \text{CB}\), where A and C are cations, and B and D are anions. The balanced chemical equation accurately represents the process.

Step-by-step solution

Understand the general form of a double-replacement reaction

A double-replacement reaction occurs when two ionic compounds (usually in aqueous solutions) contain two cations and two anions. The cations and anions then switch partners, forming two new ionic compounds as products.

Identify the reactants

Let's say we're given two ionic compounds in aqueous solutions as reactants: \(\text{AB}(\text{aq})\) and \(\text{CD}(\text{aq})\), where A and C are cations and B and D are anions.

Predict the products

In a double-replacement reaction, cations and anions switch partners. So, A will pair with D and C will pair with B to form two new ionic compounds as the products. The products will be \(\text{AD}\) and \(\text{CB}\).

Write the chemical equation

Write an unbalanced chemical equation to represent the double-replacement reaction: \[\text{AB}(\text{aq}) + \text{CD}(\text{aq}) \rightarrow \text{AD} + \text{CB}\]

Balance the chemical equation

Check if the chemical equation is balanced. If not, adjust the coefficients to balance the number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation. Once the equation is balanced, the description of the double-replacement reaction is complete. In conclusion, a double-replacement reaction results in the swapping of ions between two ionic compounds in aqueous solutions, forming two new ionic compounds as products. The balanced chemical equation represents this process accurately.

Key concepts

Ionic Compounds

Ionic compounds are formed by the combination of positively charged ions, called cations, and negatively charged ions, known as anions. Typically, these compounds result from the electrostatic attraction between metals and nonmetals. For example, sodium chloride (NaCl) consists of sodium ions (Na⁺) and chloride ions (Cl^-). Ionic compounds are generally solid at room temperature due to strong ionic bonds. In a double-replacement reaction, ionic compounds dissociate into their respective ions in aqueous solutions. The ions then swap partners, leading to the formation of new ionic compounds. This is an essential process in predicting the products of such a reaction.

Chemical Equation

A chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction. It shows the reactants on the left-hand side and the products on the right-hand side, separated by an arrow indicating the direction of the reaction. For instance, in a double-replacement reaction involving the ionic compounds \text{AB}(aq) and \text{CD}(aq), the resulting chemical equation after the ions switch partners would be:\[\text{AB}(aq) + \text{CD}(aq) \rightarrow \text{AD} + \text{CB}\]This equation represents the transformation of the reactants into products. When writing chemical equations, it's crucial to ensure that they accurately depict the reactants and products, maintaining the identity and stoichiometry of the substances involved.

Aqueous Solutions

In the context of chemistry, an aqueous solution refers to a solution where water acts as the solvent. When ionic compounds are dissolved in water, they dissociate into their constituent ions. This process allows for reactions such as double-replacement reactions to occur. Water is a polar solvent, which means it can stabilize ions effectively due to its polarity. It allows ionic compounds to dissolve and interact with each other, facilitating reactions. In a double-replacement reaction, two separate aqueous solutions containing different ionic compounds mix, causing the ions to swap partners and form new compounds. Understanding the role of aqueous solutions is vital for predicting and writing chemical reactions involving ionic compounds.

Balancing Equations

Balancing a chemical equation is crucial to accurately represent a chemical reaction. It ensures that the number of atoms for each element remains constant on both sides of the equation, fulfilling the law of conservation of mass. In the case of a double-replacement reaction, once the preliminary equation is written, it's essential to balance it by adjusting the coefficients of the reactants and products. Here’s a simple way to balance:

• List the number of atoms for each element present in the reactants and products.
• Compare these numbers and adjust the coefficients to ensure equality.
• Double-check the entire equation to prevent imbalances.

A balanced chemical equation not only follows the rules of chemistry but also allows chemists to calculate quantities of reactants and products accurately.