Question

Give the chemical formula for (a) chlorite ion, (b) chloride ion, (c) chlorate ion, (d) perchlorate ion, (e) hypochlorite ion.

Short answer

The chemical formulas for the given ions are: (a) chlorite ion: \(ClO_2^-\), (b) chloride ion: \(Cl^-\), (c) chlorate ion: \(ClO_3^-\), (d) perchlorate ion: \(ClO_4^-\), and (e) hypochlorite ion: \(ClO^-\).

Step-by-step solution

(a) Chlorite Ion

Chlorite ion is formed when chlorine is in a +3 oxidation state. The chemical formula for chlorite ion is ClO2⁻.

(b) Chloride Ion

Chloride ion is formed when chlorine is in a -1 oxidation state. The chemical formula for chloride ion is Cl⁻.

(c) Chlorate Ion

Chlorate ion is formed when chlorine is in a +5 oxidation state. The chemical formula for chlorate ion is ClO3⁻.

(d) Perchlorate Ion

Perchlorate ion is formed when chlorine is in a +7 oxidation state. The chemical formula for perchlorate ion is ClO4⁻.

(e) Hypochlorite Ion

Hypochlorite ion is formed when chlorine is in a +1 oxidation state. The chemical formula for hypochlorite ion is ClO⁻.