Question

Draw the condensed structural formula for each of the following molecules: a. ethylcyclopropane b. methylcyclohexane c. isopropvlcvclopentane

Short answer

a. C3H5CH2CH3, b. C6H11CH3, c. C5H9CH(CH3)2

Step-by-step solution

- Understanding condensed structural formulas

A condensed structural formula is a way to represent a molecule's structure where each carbon atom and its attached hydrogens are grouped together. It's simpler than a full structural formula but shows enough detail to understand the molecule.

- Drawing ethylcyclopropane

Ethylcyclopropane consists of a cyclopropane ring, which is a three-membered ring, with an ethyl group attached. The cyclopropane ring can be represented as C3H5, and the ethyl group as CH2CH3. Therefore, the condensed structural formula is C3H5CH2CH3.

- Drawing methylcyclohexane

Methylcyclohexane consists of a cyclohexane ring, which is a six-membered ring, with a methyl group attached. The cyclohexane ring can be represented as C6H11, and the methyl group as CH3. Therefore, the condensed structural formula is C6H11CH3.

- Drawing isopropylcyclopentane

Isopropylcyclopentane consists of a cyclopentane ring, which is a five-membered ring, with an isopropyl group (CH(CH3)2) attached. The cyclopentane ring can be represented as C5H9. Therefore, the condensed structural formula is C5H9CH(CH3)2.

Key concepts

ethylcyclopropane

Ethylcyclopropane is an example of a cycloalkane with an ethyl group attached to a cyclopropane ring. Cyclopropane itself is a three-membered ring, making it one of the smallest cycloalkanes.
The ethyl group, represented as CH2CH3, attaches to one of the carbons in the ring.
The condensed structural formula of ethylcyclopropane is described simply as C3H5CH2CH3, reflecting both the cyclopropane ring and the ethyl group.

methylcyclohexane

Methylcyclohexane involves a larger ring, specifically cyclohexane, which consists of six carbon atoms forming a ring. Cyclohexane is represented by the formula C6H11.
When a methyl group (CH3) attaches to the cyclohexane ring, the compound becomes methylcyclohexane.
The condensed structural formula for this molecule is straightforward: C6H11CH3, representing the ring and attached methyl group.

isopropylcyclopentane

Isopropylcyclopentane consists of a five-membered ring known as cyclopentane, represented as C5H9. An isopropyl group attaches to the ring.
The isopropyl group, written as CH(CH3)2, includes a central carbon bonded to two methyl groups (CH3).
Hence, the condensed structural formula for this molecule is C5H9CH(CH3)2, showing the cyclopentane ring linked to the isopropyl group.

cycloalkanes

Cycloalkanes are a type of hydrocarbon in which carbon atoms form a closed ring. Unlike alkanes, which are linear, cycloalkanes have rings of carbon atoms.
The formula for cycloalkanes is CnH2n, where n represents the number of carbon atoms.
Common examples include cyclopropane (C3H6), cyclobutane (C4H8), and cyclohexane (C6H12).
Cycloalkanes can have attachments or substituents, such as ethyl, methyl, or isopropyl groups, altering their structural formulas.