Problem 1
The ions formed in molecules from Group IA atoms (the alkali metals, such as \(\mathrm{Li}\) ) are almost exclusively \(\mathrm{M}^{+}\) ions rather than \(\mathrm{M}^{2+}\) ions. Explain this result.
Problem 2
The ions formed in molecules from Group IIA atoms (the alkaline earth metals, such as Mg) are almost exclusively \(\mathrm{M}^{2+}\) ions rather than \(\mathrm{M}^{3+}\) ions. Explain this result.
Problem 3
The ions formed in molecules from Group VIIA atoms (the halogens, such as Cl) are almost exclusively \(\mathrm{X}^{-}\) ions rather than \(\mathrm{X}^{2-}\) ions. Explain this result.
