Question

Write net ionic equations for the reaction, if any, that occurs when aqueous solutions of the following are mixed. a. ammonium sulfate and barium nitrate b. lead(II) nitrate and sodium chloride c. sodium phosphate and potassium nitrate d. sodium bromide and rubidium chloride e. copper(II) chloride and sodium hydroxide

Short answer

a. \(Ba^{2+} (aq) + SO_4^{2-} (aq) → BaSO_4 (s)\) b. \(Pb^{2+} (aq) + 2 Cl^- (aq) → PbCl_2 (s)\) c. No reaction d. No reaction e. \(Cu^{2+} (aq) + 2 OH^- (aq) → Cu(OH)_2 (s)\)

Step-by-step solution

a. Ammonium sulfate and barium nitrate

Start by writing the reactants and products of the possible double replacement reaction: (Ammonium ion: NH₄⁺, Sulfate ion: SO₄²⁻, Barium ion: Ba²⁺, Nitrate ion: NO₃⁻) NH₄₂SO₄ (aq) + Ba(NO₃)₂ (aq) → 2 NH₄NO₃ (aq) + BaSO₄ (s) Since barium sulfate is insoluble, a reaction occurs. Now, write the net ionic equation by omitting the spectator ions (NH₄⁺ and NO₃⁻): Ba²⁺ (aq) + SO₄²⁻ (aq) → BaSO₄ (s)

b. Lead(II) nitrate and sodium chloride

Write the reactants and products of the possible double replacement reaction: (Lead(II) ion: Pb²⁺, Nitrate ion: NO₃⁻, Sodium ion: Na⁺, Chloride ion: Cl⁻) Pb(NO₃)₂ (aq) + 2 NaCl (aq) → 2 NaNO₃ (aq) + PbCl₂ (s) Since lead(II) chloride is insoluble, a reaction occurs. Write the net ionic equation by omitting the spectator ions (NO₃⁻ and Na⁺): Pb²⁺ (aq) + 2 Cl⁻ (aq) → PbCl₂ (s)

c. Sodium phosphate and potassium nitrate

Write the reactants and products of the possible double replacement reaction: (Sodium ion: Na⁺, Phosphate ion: PO₄³⁻, Potassium ion: K⁺, Nitrate ion: NO₃⁻) Na₃PO₄ (aq) + 3 KNO₃ (aq) → 3 NaNO₃ (aq) + K₃PO₄ (aq) Since all the compounds are soluble, no reaction occurs, and no net ionic equation needs to be written.

d. Sodium bromide and rubidium chloride

Write the reactants and products of the possible double replacement reaction: (Sodium ion: Na⁺, Bromide ion: Br⁻, Rubidium ion: Rb⁺, Chloride ion: Cl⁻) NaBr (aq) + RbCl (aq) → NaCl (aq) + RbBr (aq) Since all the compounds are soluble, no reaction occurs, and no net ionic equation needs to be written.

e. Copper(II) chloride and sodium hydroxide

Write the reactants and products of the possible double replacement reaction: (Copper(II) ion: Cu²⁺, Chloride ion: Cl⁻, Sodium ion: Na⁺, Hydroxide ion: OH⁻) CuCl₂ (aq) + 2 NaOH (aq) → 2 NaCl (aq) + Cu(OH)₂ (s) Since copper(II) hydroxide is insoluble, a reaction occurs. Write the net ionic equation by omitting the spectator ions (Na⁺ and Cl⁻): Cu²⁺ (aq) + 2 OH⁻ (aq) → Cu(OH)₂ (s)