Question

When the following solutions are mixed together, what precipitate (if any) will form? a. \(\mathrm{Hg}_{2}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}(a q)+\mathrm{CuSO}_{4}(a q)\) b. \(\mathrm{Ni}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}(a q)+\mathrm{CaCl}_{2}(a q)\) c. \(\mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}(a q)+\mathrm{MgI}_{2}(a q)\) d. \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CrO}_{4}(a q)+\mathrm{AlBr}_{3}(a q)\)

Short answer

When the following solutions are mixed together, these precipitates will form: a. \(Hg_{2}SO_{4}\) b. No precipitate c. \(MgCO_{3}\) d. \(Al_{2}(CrO_{4})_{3}\)

Step-by-step solution

Write Double Replacement Reactions

Write the balanced double replacement reactions for each pair of solutions: a. \(Hg_{2}(NO_{3})_{2}(aq) + CuSO_{4}(aq) \rightarrow Hg_{2}SO_{4}(s?) + Cu(NO_{3})_{2}(aq) \) b. \(Ni(NO_{3})_{2}(aq) + CaCl_{2}(aq) \rightarrow NiCl_{2}(s?) + Ca(NO_{3})_{2}(aq) \) c. \(K_{2}CO_{3}(aq) + MgI_{2}(aq) \rightarrow MgCO_{3}(s?) + 2KI(aq) \) d. \(Na_{2}CrO_{4}(aq) + AlBr_{3}(aq) \rightarrow Al_{2}(CrO_{4})_{3}(s?) + 6NaBr(aq) \)

Apply Solubility Rules

Check the solubility rules for each of the potential precipitates: a. \( Hg_{2}SO_{4} \) - Mercury(I) sulfate is insoluble, so it will form a precipitate. b. \( NiCl_{2} \) - Nickel(II) chloride is soluble, so it will not form a precipitate. c. \( MgCO_{3} \) - Magnesium carbonate is insoluble, so it will form a precipitate. d. \( Al_{2}(CrO_{4})_{3} \) - Aluminum chromate is insoluble, so it will form a precipitate.

Identify Precipitates

Identify the precipitate for each reaction: a. Precipitate: \( Hg_{2}SO_{4} \) b. Precipitate: None c. Precipitate: \( MgCO_{3} \) d. Precipitate: \( Al_{2}(CrO_{4})_{3} \) Now, we know the result when each of the mentioned solutions is mixed: a. \(Hg_{2}(NO_{3})_{2}(aq) + CuSO_{4}(aq)\) forms the precipitate \(Hg_{2}SO_{4}\). b. \(Ni(NO_{3})_{2}(aq) + CaCl_{2}(aq)\) forms no precipitate. c. \(K_{2}CO_{3}(aq) + MgI_{2}(aq)\) forms the precipitate \(MgCO_{3}\). d. \(Na_{2}CrO_{4}(aq) + AlBr_{3}(aq)\) forms the precipitate \(Al_{2}(CrO_{4})_{3}\).